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The effect of an intracarotid artery infusion of etoposide on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was investigated in a rat model system. The external carotid arteries of Sprague-Dawley rats were catheterized in a retrograde manner. Etoposide in a dose range from 3.0 mg/kg to 22.5 mg/kg was infused into the internal carotid artery by this technique. BBB disruption was evaluated qualitatively by the appearance in the infused hemisphere of the systemically administered dye Evans blue and quantitatively by the ratio of counts of the technetium-labeled chelate of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) in the infused to the noninfused hemisphere. Evidence of increased BBB permeability was seen at all doses of etoposide. Degree of BBB disruption increased with increasing doses of etoposide. The intracarotid infusion and subsequent BBB disruption were well tolerated. Further clinical trials employing the intracarotid administration of etoposide should be cognizant of the potential for BBB disruption.
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
June 1992,
Journal of neuro-oncology,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
January 1981,
Acta physiologica Scandinavica,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
February 1999,
Acta medica Okayama,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
March 2008,
Journal of neuroscience methods,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
February 1988,
European journal of radiology,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
August 1998,
Chinese medical journal,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
March 1989,
Brain research,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
January 2004,
Prague medical report,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
January 1994,
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology,
M K Spigelman, and
R A Zappulla, and
J D Goldberg, and
S J Goldsmith, and
D Marotta, and
L I Malis, and
J F Holland
January 1990,
Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum,
