Biomaterial Database

Micro-counterimmunoelectrophoresis: a rapid screening technique for trypanosomiasis. 1983

A E Taylor, and V Smith

A rapid and economical micro-counterimmunoelectrophoresis (MCIE) test, for antibody to trypanosome antigens, has been developed which may prove useful in trypanosomiasis surveillance. MCIE was more sensitive and more rapid than immunodiffusion (ID). Serum samples from trypanosome-infected rabbits and cattle (Nigerian and Gambian), from Kuwaiti dogs and camels, from Ivory Coast sleeping sickness patients, from Brazilian patients with Chagas's disease, plus mouse-anti-malaria sera have been tested by MCIE with Trypanosoma brucei, T. vivax, T. congolense and T. cruzi antigens. A few of the rabbit and the mice sera were also tested against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Plasmodium berghei or P. chabaudi antigens. Whenever possible the MCIE results were compared with parasitological or other serological tests (ID; indirect fluorescent antibody test, IFAT; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA; complement fixation test, CFT or indirect haemagglutination test, IHAT). The MCIE test was not species specific but the homologous species reactions were more often positive than heterologous ones. Homologous species reactions, with rabbit sera, detected antibodies as early as 10 days after infection and developed more precipitin lines as the infection progressed. Trypanosomal antigens and antisera cross-reacted with those of other protozoa (E. histolytica, Tr. vaginalis, P. chabaudi, P. berghei, and Babesia sp. and Leishmania sp.) but such reactions required an antigen concentration 4 to 16 times greater than that required for homologous trypanosome reactions (a factor which might be exploited for identification of different species of trypanosome).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011817	Rabbits	A burrowing plant-eating mammal with hind limbs that are longer than its fore limbs. It belongs to the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, and in contrast to hares, possesses 22 instead of 24 pairs of chromosomes.	Belgian Hare,New Zealand Rabbit,New Zealand Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbit,Rabbit,Rabbit, Domestic,Chinchilla Rabbits,NZW Rabbits,New Zealand White Rabbits,Oryctolagus cuniculus,Chinchilla Rabbit,Domestic Rabbit,Domestic Rabbits,Hare, Belgian,NZW Rabbit,Rabbit, Chinchilla,Rabbit, NZW,Rabbit, New Zealand,Rabbits, Chinchilla,Rabbits, Domestic,Rabbits, NZW,Rabbits, New Zealand,Zealand Rabbit, New,Zealand Rabbits, New,cuniculus, Oryctolagus
D002162	Camelus	Two-toed, hoofed mammals with four legs, a big-lipped snout, and a humped back belonging to the family Camelidae. They are native to North Africa, and Western and Central Asia.	Camels,Dromedary,Bactrian Camels,Bractrian Camels,Camelus bactrianus,Camelus dromedarius,Bactrian Camel,Bractrian Camel,Camel,Camel, Bactrian,Camel, Bractrian,Camels, Bactrian,Camels, Bractrian,Dromedaries
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D003378	Counterimmunoelectrophoresis	Immunoelectrophoresis in which immunoprecipitation occurs when antigen at the cathode is caused to migrate in an electric field through a suitable medium of diffusion against a stream of antibody migrating from the anode as a result of endosmotic flow.	Electrosyneresis,Immunoelectroosmophoresis,Immunoelectrophoresis, Countercurrent,Immunoelectrophoresis, Crossover,Countercurrent Immunoelectrophoresis,Crossover Immunoelectrophoresis
D004283	Dog Diseases	Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	Canine Diseases,Canine Disease,Disease, Canine,Disease, Dog,Diseases, Canine,Diseases, Dog,Dog Disease
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D005779	Immunodiffusion	Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.	Gel Diffusion Tests,Diffusion Test, Gel,Diffusion Tests, Gel,Gel Diffusion Test,Immunodiffusions,Test, Gel Diffusion,Tests, Gel Diffusion
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000906	Antibodies	Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).