Biomaterial Database

Alterations in cell-mediated immune functions induced in mouse splenic lymphocytes by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. 1984

A Wojdani, and L J Alfred

The effects of varying doses of three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and benzo(e)pyrene (BeP), on cell-mediated immune functions of in vivo mitogen-activated splenic lymphocytes were measured. Inbred mice (C57, C3H, and DBA) were given injections i.p. with phytohemagglutinin to activate splenic lymphocytes and were subsequently treated, via the same route, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. Isolated and T-cell-enriched mononuclear cell populations were assayed for aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, blastogenesis, antigen-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and the percentage of macrophages. Under optimal conditions of phytohemagglutinin injection (1000 micrograms/20-g mouse) for 96 hr and MCA treatment (50 mg/kg of body weight) for 24 hr prior to sacrifice, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase was induced 5-fold. Tumorigenic doses of MCA (10 to 50 mg/kg of body weight) suppressed blastogenesis 40 to 60% in C57 and C3H lymphocytes but had no effect on DBA splenic lymphocytes. BaP and BeP had little or no effect on blastogenesis. MCA and BaP were clearly separated from BeP in the suppression of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. MCA and BaP suppressed cell-mediated cytotoxicity 40 to 80% in T-cells from all three strains, while BeP had no effect. MCA reduced the percentage of macrophages in a dose-dependent fashion compared to a stimulatory action by BaP and BeP. These results suggest that mitogen-activated and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase-induced splenic lymphocytes metabolize MCA and BaP to immunocytotoxic metabolites. A suppression of monocyte-macrophage function would account for the inhibition of blastogenesis. These early alterations in cell-mediated immune functions produced by tumorigenic doses of MCA and BaP may result in defective immunosurveillance mechanisms and enhance the development of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced tumors in responsive mice.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007111	Immunity, Cellular	Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.	Cell-Mediated Immunity,Cellular Immune Response,Cell Mediated Immunity,Cell-Mediated Immunities,Cellular Immune Responses,Cellular Immunities,Cellular Immunity,Immune Response, Cellular,Immune Responses, Cellular,Immunities, Cell-Mediated,Immunities, Cellular,Immunity, Cell-Mediated,Response, Cellular Immune
D008214	Lymphocytes	White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D008223	Lymphoma	A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	Germinoblastoma,Lymphoma, Malignant,Reticulolymphosarcoma,Sarcoma, Germinoblastic,Germinoblastic Sarcoma,Germinoblastic Sarcomas,Germinoblastomas,Lymphomas,Lymphomas, Malignant,Malignant Lymphoma,Malignant Lymphomas,Reticulolymphosarcomas,Sarcomas, Germinoblastic
D008748	Methylcholanthrene	A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.	20-Methylcholanthrene,3-Methylcholanthrene,20 Methylcholanthrene,3 Methylcholanthrene
D008815	Mice, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.	Inbred Mouse Strains,Inbred Strain of Mice,Inbred Strain of Mouse,Inbred Strains of Mice,Mouse, Inbred Strain,Inbred Mouse Strain,Mouse Inbred Strain,Mouse Inbred Strains,Mouse Strain, Inbred,Mouse Strains, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Mouse,Strains, Inbred Mouse
D010835	Phytohemagglutinins	Mucoproteins isolated from the kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); some of them are mitogenic to lymphocytes, others agglutinate all or certain types of erythrocytes or lymphocytes. They are used mainly in the study of immune mechanisms and in cell culture.	Kidney Bean Lectin,Kidney Bean Lectins,Lectins, Kidney Bean,Phaseolus vulgaris Lectin,Phaseolus vulgaris Lectins,Phytohemagglutinin,Hemagglutinins, Plant,Lectin, Kidney Bean,Lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris,Lectins, Phaseolus vulgaris,Plant Hemagglutinins
D011083	Polycyclic Compounds	Compounds which contain two or more rings in their structure.	Compounds, Polycyclic
D002448	Cell Adhesion	Adherence of cells to surfaces or to other cells.	Adhesion, Cell,Adhesions, Cell,Cell Adhesions
D003602	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic	The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.	Tumoricidal Activity, Immunologic,Immunologic Cytotoxicity,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activities,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activity,Tumoricidal Activities, Immunologic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia