Biomaterial Database

Effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in rats. 1984

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

The effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in rats were studied. VIP (250 micrograms kg-1) was injected i.v. and the rats were serially decapitated. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroid hormone were measured by radioimmunoassay. The hypothalamic immunoreactive TRH (ir-TRH) content significantly decreased after VIP injection, whereas its plasma concentration significantly increased. The plasma TSH level increased significantly in a dose-related manner with a zenith at 20 min after the injection. The plasma thyroid hormone level also increased significantly. The plasma ir-TRH and TSH responses to cold as well as the plasma TSH response to TRH were significantly enhanced by VIP. Naloxone partially blocked VIP induced TSH release. In 5-hydroxytryptophan pretreated group the stimulatory effect of VIP on TSH release was prevented, but not in that pretreated with para-chlorophenylalanine, L-DOPA or haloperidol. These drugs alone did not affect plasma TSH levels in terms of the dose used. The inactivation of TRH immunoreactivity by plasma or hypothalamus did not differ from that of the control. These findings suggest that VIP acts on the hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid gland to stimulate TRH, TSH and thyroid hormone release, respectively, and that its effect may be at least partially modified by the serotonergic system and opioid peptides.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007030	Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System	A collection of NEURONS, tracts of NERVE FIBERS, endocrine tissue, and blood vessels in the HYPOTHALAMUS and the PITUITARY GLAND. This hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation provides the mechanism for hypothalamic neuroendocrine (HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES) regulation of pituitary function and the release of various PITUITARY HORMONES into the systemic circulation to maintain HOMEOSTASIS.	Hypothalamic Hypophyseal System,Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis,Hypophyseal Portal System,Hypothalamic-Pituitary Unit,Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Systems,Hypothalamic Pituitary Unit,Hypothalamo Hypophyseal System,Hypothalamo Pituitary Adrenal Axis,Portal System, Hypophyseal
D008297	Male		Males
D011863	Radioimmunoassay	Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.	Radioimmunoassays
D011919	Rats, Inbred Strains	Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.	August Rats,Inbred Rat Strains,Inbred Strain of Rat,Inbred Strain of Rats,Inbred Strains of Rats,Rat, Inbred Strain,August Rat,Inbred Rat Strain,Inbred Strain Rat,Inbred Strain Rats,Inbred Strains Rat,Inbred Strains Rats,Rat Inbred Strain,Rat Inbred Strains,Rat Strain, Inbred,Rat Strains, Inbred,Rat, August,Rat, Inbred Strains,Rats Inbred Strain,Rats Inbred Strains,Rats, August,Rats, Inbred Strain,Strain Rat, Inbred,Strain Rats, Inbred,Strain, Inbred Rat,Strains, Inbred Rat
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013961	Thyroid Gland	A highly vascularized endocrine gland consisting of two lobes joined by a thin band of tissue with one lobe on each side of the TRACHEA. It secretes THYROID HORMONES from the follicular cells and CALCITONIN from the parafollicular cells thereby regulating METABOLISM and CALCIUM level in blood, respectively.	Thyroid,Gland, Thyroid,Glands, Thyroid,Thyroid Glands,Thyroids
D013963	Thyroid Hormones	Natural hormones secreted by the THYROID GLAND, such as THYROXINE, and their synthetic analogs.	Thyroid Hormone,Hormone, Thyroid,Hormones, Thyroid
D013972	Thyrotropin	A glycoprotein hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, ANTERIOR). Thyrotropin stimulates THYROID GLAND by increasing the iodide transport, synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE). Thyrotropin consists of two noncovalently linked subunits, alpha and beta. Within a species, the alpha subunit is common in the pituitary glycoprotein hormones (TSH; LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FSH), but the beta subunit is unique and confers its biological specificity.	Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone,TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone),Thyreotropin,Thyrotrophin,Hormone, Thyroid-Stimulating,Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
D013973	Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone	A tripeptide that stimulates the release of THYROTROPIN and PROLACTIN. It is synthesized by the neurons in the PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS of the HYPOTHALAMUS. After being released into the pituitary portal circulation, TRH (was called TRF) stimulates the release of TSH and PRL from the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.	Protirelin,Thyroliberin,Abbott-38579,Antepan,Proterelin Tartrate,Proterelin Tartrate Hydrate,Protirelin Tartrate (1:1),Relefact TRH,Stimu-TSH,TRH Ferring,TRH Prem,Thypinone,Thyroliberin TRH Merck,Thyrotropin-Releasing Factor,Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Tartrate,Abbott 38579,Abbott38579,Hydrate, Proterelin Tartrate,Prem, TRH,Stimu TSH,StimuTSH,TRH, Relefact,Tartrate Hydrate, Proterelin,Thyrotropin Releasing Factor,Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone,Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Tartrate
D014660	Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide	A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide),Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,Vasointestinal Peptide,Intestinal Peptide, Vasoactive,Intestinal Polypeptide, Vasoactive,Peptide, Vasoactive Intestinal,Peptide, Vasointestinal,Polypeptide, Vasoactive Intestinal

Related Publications

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

Central galanin stimulates pituitary prolactin secretion in rats: possible involvement of hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.

March 1987, Neuroscience letters,

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

Effects of carbamazepine on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.

January 1999, Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists,

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

Vasoactive intestinal peptide affects the GABAergic system in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

August 1990, Brain research bulletin,

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

D-amphetamine effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid axis.

January 1975, Revista de investigacion clinica; organo del Hospital de Enfermedades de la Nutricion,

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide does not colocalize with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the hypothalamic magnocellular nuclei and posterior pituitary of cats and rats.

December 2003, Endocrine,

T Mitsuma, and T Nogimori, and M Chaya

Screening study of the effects of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis on hemostasis in rats.

January 2006, Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents,