Biomaterial Database

Effects of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on metabolism of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene (DAB) by rat liver microsomes. 1984

W G Levine

The antioxidants, BHA and BHT, inhibited the N-demethylation and ring hydroxylation of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene (DAB) by liver microsomes from untreated and phenobarbital (PB)-treated rats. BHA was somewhat more potent in this regard than was BHT. Microsomal NADPH oxidase from PB-treated rats was stimulated by BHA but control microsomal activity was unaffected. Glutathione did not appreciably reverse the inhibitory effect of BHA on DAB metabolism and had no effect on NADPH oxidase activity. It is concluded that inhibition of DAB metabolism by BHA cannot be accounted for by interaction with NADPH oxidase, particularly in untreated microsomes. It more likely affects one or more species of cytochrome P-450.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008862	Microsomes, Liver	Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.	Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D009247	NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases	A group of oxidoreductases that act on NADH or NADPH. In general, enzymes using NADH or NADPH to reduce a substrate are classified according to the reverse reaction, in which NAD+ or NADP+ is formally regarded as an acceptor. This subclass includes only those enzymes in which some other redox carrier is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p100) EC 1.6.	Oxidoreductases, NADH, NADPH,NADPH Oxidoreductases NADH,Oxidoreductases NADH, NADPH
D002083	Butylated Hydroxyanisole	Mixture of 2- and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenols that is used as an antioxidant in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.	Butylhydroxyanisole,(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol,AMIF-72,BHA,Butyl Methoxyphenol,Embanox,Nipantiox 1-F,Tenox BHA,AMIF 72,AMIF72,Hydroxyanisole, Butylated,Methoxyphenol, Butyl,Nipantiox 1 F,Nipantiox 1F
D002084	Butylated Hydroxytoluene	A di-tert-butyl PHENOL with antioxidant properties.	Butylhydroxytoluene,2,6-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol,2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol,2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol,2,6-Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol,4-Methyl-2,6-ditertbutylphenol,BHT,Di-tert-butyl-methylphenol,Dibunol,Ionol,Ionol (BHT),2,6 Di t butyl 4 methylphenol,2,6 Di tert butyl 4 methylphenol,2,6 Di tert butyl p cresol,4 Methyl 2,6 ditertbutylphenol,Di tert butyl methylphenol,Hydroxytoluene, Butylated
D003577	Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System	A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.	Cytochrome P-450,Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme,Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Monooxygenase,P-450 Enzyme,P450 Enzyme,CYP450 Family,CYP450 Superfamily,Cytochrome P-450 Enzymes,Cytochrome P-450 Families,Cytochrome P-450 Monooxygenase,Cytochrome P-450 Oxygenase,Cytochrome P-450 Superfamily,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450 Superfamily,Cytochrome p450 Families,P-450 Enzymes,P450 Enzymes,Cytochrome P 450,Cytochrome P 450 Dependent Monooxygenase,Cytochrome P 450 Enzyme,Cytochrome P 450 Enzyme System,Cytochrome P 450 Enzymes,Cytochrome P 450 Families,Cytochrome P 450 Monooxygenase,Cytochrome P 450 Oxygenase,Cytochrome P 450 Superfamily,Enzyme, Cytochrome P-450,Enzyme, P-450,Enzyme, P450,Enzymes, Cytochrome P-450,Enzymes, P-450,Enzymes, P450,Monooxygenase, Cytochrome P-450,Monooxygenase, Cytochrome P-450-Dependent,P 450 Enzyme,P 450 Enzymes,P-450 Enzyme, Cytochrome,P-450 Enzymes, Cytochrome,Superfamily, CYP450,Superfamily, Cytochrome P-450,Superfamily, Cytochrome P450
D004124	p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene	A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound "may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen." (Merck, 11th ed)	Butter Yellow,Dimethylaminoazobenzene,4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene,Methyl Yellow,p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, (E)-Isomer,p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene, (Z)-Isomer,4 Dimethylaminoazobenzene,p Dimethylaminoazobenzene
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000840	Anisoles	A group of compounds that are derivatives of methoxybenzene and contain the general formula R-C7H7O.	Methylphenyl Ethers,Ethers, Methylphenyl
D051381	Rats	The common name for the genus Rattus.	Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D019255	NADPH Oxidases	A family of membrane-associated flavoprotein NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases that catalyze the univalent reduction of OXYGEN to create SUPEROXIDES. Structurally, they are characterized by six N-terminal transmembrane ALPHA-HELICES, a FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE (FAD)-binding region, and a C-terminal NADPH-binding region. They are expressed primarily by EPITHELIAL CELLS in gut, kidney, colon, and smooth muscle tissues, as well as GRANULOCYTES and function to transfer electrons across membranes to molecular oxygen. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by some NADPH oxidases result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.	NADPH Oxidase,NAD(P)H Oxidases,NAD(P)H oxidase,Nox Proteins,Oxidase, NADPH,Oxidases, NADPH