Biomaterial Database

Secretion of lysosomal enzymes by human placental villi in vitro. 1980

G C Douglas, and A Mackenzie

Chorionic villi from first trimester and term human placentas have been incubated in vitro and shown to release the lysosomal enzymes, beta-hexosaminidase, alpha-glucosidase and beta-glucuronidase. There was negligible release of the cytoplasmic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase, under the same conditions. The first trimester villi released proportionally more of their lysosomal enzyme content than did the term villi. Extracellular levels of beta-hexosaminidase were raised and those of alpha-glucosidase and beta-glucuronidase were lowered when tissue was incubated with 1 microM colchicine, suggesting that microtubules are involved in the control of lysosomal enzyme release from placental villi.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007743	Labor, Obstetric	The repetitive uterine contraction during childbirth which is associated with the progressive dilation of the uterine cervix (CERVIX UTERI). Successful labor results in the expulsion of the FETUS and PLACENTA. Obstetric labor can be spontaneous or induced (LABOR, INDUCED).	Obstetric Labor
D008247	Lysosomes	A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured or undergoes MEMBRANE FUSION. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed).	Autolysosome,Autolysosomes,Lysosome
D010920	Placenta	A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES).	Placentoma, Normal,Placentome,Placentas,Placentomes
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D011261	Pregnancy Trimester, First	The beginning third of a human PREGNANCY, from the first day of the last normal menstrual period (MENSTRUATION) through the completion of 14 weeks (98 days) of gestation.	Early Placental Phase,Pregnancy, First Trimester,Trimester, First,Early Placental Phases,First Pregnancy Trimester,First Pregnancy Trimesters,First Trimester,First Trimester Pregnancies,First Trimester Pregnancy,First Trimesters,Phase, Early Placental,Phases, Early Placental,Placental Phase, Early,Placental Phases, Early,Pregnancies, First Trimester,Pregnancy Trimesters, First,Trimesters, First
D002824	Chorionic Villi	Threadlike vascular projections of the chorion. Chorionic villi may be free or embedded within the DECIDUA forming the site for exchange of substances between fetal and maternal blood (PLACENTA).	Placental Villi,Labyrinth of the Placenta,Labyrinthine Placenta,Placental Labyrinth Layer,Chorionic Villus,Labyrinth Layer, Placental,Placental Labyrinth Layers,Placental Villus,Villi, Chorionic,Villi, Placental,Villus, Chorionic,Villus, Placental
D003078	Colchicine	A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).	Colchicine, (+-)-Isomer,Colchicine, (R)-Isomer
D005260	Female		Females
D005959	Glucosidases	Enzymes that hydrolyze O-glucosyl-compounds. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.2.1.-.	Glucosidase
D005966	Glucuronidase		Endo-beta-D-Glucuronidase,Endoglucuronidase,Exo-beta-D-Glucuronidase,beta-Glucuronidase,Endo beta D Glucuronidase,Exo beta D Glucuronidase,beta Glucuronidase