Biomaterial Database

Biotransformation of n-hexane and methyl n-butyl ketone in guinea pigs and mice. 1978

D Couri, and M S Abdel-Rahman, and L B Hetland

Peripheral neuropathies caused by exposures to the industrial solvents n-hexane and MBK exhibit strinkingly similar characteristics. In in vivo studies, the metabolites of MBK and n-hexane identified in blood and urine of guinea pigs were 2-hexanol (partly as glucuronide in urine); and 2,5-hexanedione which was detected only in MBK treated groups. Phenobarbital pretreatment increased 2-hexanol urinary excretion in both solvent treatment groups. In in vitro studies, hepatic reduction of MBK required the cytosol fraction to form 2-hexanol; whereas the oxidation of MBK and n-hexane required the microsomal fraction to form 2,5-hexanedione and 2-hexanol, respectively. The in vivo and in vitro biotransformation of MBK and n-hexane to a common metabolite (2-hexanol) suggests that the neurotoxic action of these solvents may be metabolite related.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007274	Injections, Intraperitoneal	Forceful administration into the peritoneal cavity of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the abdominal wall.	Intraperitoneal Injections,Injection, Intraperitoneal,Intraperitoneal Injection
D007659	Ketones	Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group	Ketone
D008742	Methyl n-Butyl Ketone	An industrial solvent which causes nervous system degeneration. MBK is an acronym often used to refer to it.	2-Hexanone,Butylmethyl Ketone,Hexan-2-one,2 Hexanone,Hexan 2 one,Ketone, Butylmethyl,Ketone, Methyl n-Butyl,Methyl n Butyl Ketone,n-Butyl Ketone, Methyl
D008862	Microsomes, Liver	Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.	Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D010634	Phenobarbital	A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.	Phenemal,Phenobarbitone,Phenylbarbital,Gardenal,Hysteps,Luminal,Phenobarbital Sodium,Phenobarbital, Monosodium Salt,Phenylethylbarbituric Acid,Acid, Phenylethylbarbituric,Monosodium Salt Phenobarbital,Sodium, Phenobarbital
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D006586	Hexanes	Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	Hexane,Isohexane,Isohexanes
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001711	Biotransformation	The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus