Biomaterial Database

Natural killing and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in specific-pathogen-free miniature swine and germ-free piglets. II. Ontogenic development development of NK and ADCC. 1981

N D Huh, and Y B Kim, and H S Koren, and D B Amos

The ontogenic development of natural killing (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in germ-free and specific-pathogen-fee (SPF) miniature swine were compared. Activities of NK and ADCC were tested by a short-term (2.5 to 4 h) 51Cr-labelled human myeloid cell line K562 and TNP-conjugated human B-cell line SB as target cells for NK and ADCC, respectively. Animals obtained by aseptic hysterectomy 3-5 days prior to term showed ADCC activities similar to adult levels but lacked NK activity. Hysterectomy-derived piglets which were colostrum-deprived and maintained in germ-free isolators developed NK activity at 3-4 weeks of age. In comparison, naturally-farrowed, colostrum-fed piglets maintained in our SPF facility developed NK activity at 2-3 weeks of age. Thereafter, there was no significant difference in the levels of either NK or ADCC between germ-free and SPF animals. This suggests that microbial flora and environment do not affect the development of effector cells for ADCC but do play some role in the maturation of NK cells during ontogeny. The difference in ontogeny of NK an ADCC further support our previous suggestion that the effector cells for NK and ADCC in swine are distinct sub-populations.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007694	Killer Cells, Natural	Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.	NK Cells,Natural Killer Cells,Cell, NK,Cell, Natural Killer,Cells, NK,Cells, Natural Killer,Killer Cell, Natural,NK Cell,Natural Killer Cell
D005856	Germ-Free Life	Animals not contaminated by or associated with any foreign organisms.	Axenic Animals,Gnotobiotics,Germfree Life,Animal, Axenic,Animals, Axenic,Axenic Animal,Germ Free Life,Gnotobiotic,Life, Germ-Free,Life, Germfree
D005865	Gestational Age	The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated from the onset of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization. It is also estimated to begin from fertilization, estrus, coitus, or artificial insemination.	Embryologic Age,Fetal Maturity, Chronologic,Chronologic Fetal Maturity,Fetal Age,Maturity, Chronologic Fetal,Age, Embryologic,Age, Fetal,Age, Gestational,Ages, Embryologic,Ages, Fetal,Ages, Gestational,Embryologic Ages,Fetal Ages,Gestational Ages
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000831	Animals, Newborn	Refers to animals in the period of time just after birth.	Animals, Neonatal,Animal, Neonatal,Animal, Newborn,Neonatal Animal,Neonatal Animals,Newborn Animal,Newborn Animals
D000920	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity	The phenomenon of antibody-mediated target cell destruction by non-sensitized effector cells. The identity of the target cell varies, but it must possess surface IMMUNOGLOBULIN G whose Fc portion is intact. The effector cell is a "killer" cell possessing Fc receptors. It may be a lymphocyte lacking conventional B- or T-cell markers, or a monocyte, macrophage, or polynuclear leukocyte, depending on the identity of the target cell. The reaction is complement-independent.	ADCC,Cytotoxicity, Antibody-Dependent Cell,Cell Cytoxicity, Antibody-Dependent,Antibody Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity,Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicities,Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytoxicities,Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytoxicity,Cell Cytotoxicities, Antibody-Dependent,Cell Cytotoxicity, Antibody-Dependent,Cell Cytoxicities, Antibody-Dependent,Cell Cytoxicity, Antibody Dependent,Cytotoxicities, Antibody-Dependent Cell,Cytotoxicity, Antibody Dependent Cell,Cytoxicities, Antibody-Dependent Cell,Cytoxicity, Antibody-Dependent Cell
D013047	Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms	Animals or humans raised in the absence of a particular disease-causing virus or other microorganism. Less frequently plants are cultivated pathogen-free.	Pathogen-Free Organisms,Specific Pathogen Free,Organism, Pathogen-Free,Organism, Specific Pathogen-Free,Organisms, Pathogen-Free,Organisms, Specific Pathogen-Free,Pathogen Free Organisms,Pathogen Free, Specific,Pathogen Frees, Specific,Pathogen-Free Organism,Pathogen-Free Organism, Specific,Pathogen-Free Organisms, Specific,Specific Pathogen Free Organisms,Specific Pathogen-Free Organism
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog