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The position of the hyoid arch suggests that it supports soft tissue surrounding the upper airway (UA) and can act to maintain UA patency. We also suspected that muscles inserting on the hyoid arch might show respiratory patterns of activity that could be affected by respiratory stimuli. To test these possibilities, we moved the hyoid arch ventrally in six anesthetized dogs either by traction on it or by stimulation of hyoid muscles. UA resistance was decreased 73 +/- (SE) 6% and 72 +/- 6% by traction and stimulation during expiration and 57 +/- 15% and 52 +/- 8% during inspiration. Moving averages of the geniohyoid (GH) and thyrohyoid (TH) obtained in six other dogs breathing 100% O2 showed phasic respiratory activity while the sternohyoid (SH) showed phasic respiratory activity in only two of these animals and no activity in four. With progressive hypercapnia, GH and TH increased as did SH when activity was already present. Airway occlusion at end expiration augmented and prolonged inspiratory activity in the hyoid muscles but did not elicit SH activity if not already present. Occlusion at end inspiration suppressed phasic activity in hyoid muscles for as long as in the diaphragm. After vagotomy activity increased and became almost exclusively inspiratory. Activity appeared in SH when not previously present. Duration and amplitude of hyoid muscle activity were increased with negative UA pressure and augmented breaths. We conclude that the hyoid arch and muscles can strongly affect UA flow resistance. Hyoid muscles show responses to chemical, vagal, and negative pressure stimuli similar to other UA muscles.
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
January 1972,
Archiv fur orthopadische und Unfall-Chirurgie,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
January 1976,
Transactions. Section on Otolaryngology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
November 1979,
Otolaryngologic clinics of North America,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
May 1959,
Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
February 1987,
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985),
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
August 1985,
Chest,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
January 2006,
Uspekhi fiziologicheskikh nauk,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
January 1996,
Pneumonologia i alergologia polska,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
May 1976,
The Laryngoscope,
W B Van de Graaff, and
S B Gottfried, and
J Mitra, and
E van Lunteren, and
N S Cherniack, and
K P Strohl
January 1968,
Acta anatomica,
