Biomaterial Database

Performance of goldfish (Carassius auratus) in patterned sequences of rewarded and nonrewarded trials. 1984

P A Couvillon

The performance of goldfish was studied in a series of experiments with patterned sequences of reward (R) and nonreward (N) for response to a given stimulus (S3). Trials with two other, readily discriminable stimuli, response to one always rewarded and response to the second never rewarded, were interpolated in such a way that the outcome of any S3 trial could not be predicted from the events of the immediately preceding trial. The main purpose was to look for control of response to S3 based on memory of N like that found in previous work with pigeons. In Experiments 1 and 2, blocks of R and N trials with S3 were programmed, R trials in the first half of each session and N in the last half, or N trials in the first half and R in the last half. In Experiment 3, successive acquisition and extinction of response to S3 was studied, with the N-to-R and R-to-N transitions either within sessions or between sessions. In Experiment 4, the effects of partial and consistent reinforcement on extinction of response to S3 were compared. The results obtained are similar in important respects to those for pigeons but different in their failure to demonstrate control of performance by memory of N.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009042	Motivation	Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.	Incentives,Disincentives,Expectations,Disincentive,Expectation,Incentive,Motivations
D012055	Reinforcement Schedule	A schedule prescribing when the subject is to be reinforced or rewarded in terms of temporal interval in psychological experiments. The schedule may be continuous or intermittent.	Reinforcement Schedules,Schedule, Reinforcement,Schedules, Reinforcement
D003118	Color Perception	Mental processing of chromatic signals (COLOR VISION) from the eye by the VISUAL CORTEX where they are converted into symbolic representations. Color perception involves numerous neurons, and is influenced not only by the distribution of wavelengths from the viewed object, but also by its background color and brightness contrast at its boundary.	Color Perceptions,Perception, Color,Perceptions, Color
D003216	Conditioning, Operant	Learning situations in which the sequence responses of the subject are instrumental in producing reinforcement. When the correct response occurs, which involves the selection from among a repertoire of responses, the subject is immediately reinforced.	Instrumental Learning,Learning, Instrumental,Operant Conditioning,Conditionings, Operant,Instrumental Learnings,Learnings, Instrumental,Operant Conditionings
D004193	Discrimination Learning	Learning that is manifested in the ability to respond differentially to various stimuli.	Discriminative Learning,Discrimination Learnings,Discriminative Learnings,Learning, Discrimination,Learning, Discriminative
D005108	Extinction, Psychological	The procedure of presenting the conditioned stimulus without REINFORCEMENT to an organism previously conditioned. It refers also to the diminution of a conditioned response resulting from this procedure.	Psychological Extinction,Extinction (Psychology),Extinctions (Psychology),Extinctions, Psychological,Psychological Extinctions
D006054	Goldfish	Common name for Carassius auratus, a type of carp (CARPS).	Carassius auratus
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012201	Reward	An object or a situation that can serve to reinforce a response, to satisfy a motive, or to afford pleasure.	Rewards
D012691	Serial Learning	Learning to make a series of responses in exact order.	Learning, Serial,Learnings, Serial,Serial Learnings