Wheelchair bound paraplegics tend to spend a sedentary life. They seem to be vulnerable to prolonged strenuous exertion because of their many physical handicaps such as metabolic depression, cardiovascular instability, urinary incontinence, pressure sores and so on. In commemoration of The International Year of the Disabled, The First Oita International Wheelchair Marathon was held in Autumn of 1981. This paper is to review the results of an experiment made at this half marathon. The course length was 21.1 km. Ten competitors were selected at random as the subjects for measuring energy expenditure during the race. As a preliminary examination, a work load test was performed by using a wheelchair treadmill to obtain a regression equation of the individual relationship between oxygen uptake and heart rates. The oxygen uptake of individuals during the race was estimated from the heart rates which were recorded by the small memory box fixed beneath the wheelchair. Six subjects were successfully examined. The results revealed that paraplegics safely tolerated the prolonged strenuous exercise. Their average oxygen uptake, mean heart rate and the lap time during the race were 34.17 +/- 8.11 ml/kg/min (mean +/- SD), 167.6 +/- 15.8 beats/min and 87.1 +/- 9.1 min respectively. Heart rate of the subjects was always very high during the race, although oxygen consumption was fairly low in comparison to able-bodied elite marathon runners.