A versatile computer simulation of the left ventricle. 1984

T R Miller, and D M Epstein, and K J Goldman

A versatile mathematical simulation of a beating left ventricle, as seen in a gated cardiac blood-pool study, is described. The basic model consists of a fifth-degree polynomial rotated about its long axis. Motion is mimicked by sinusoidally varying the lengths of the long and short axes. The quality of clinical images is simulated through addition of Poisson noise and camera blur, determined from the measured line-spread function for Tc-99m. To achieve added realism, the modeled ventricle can be inserted in place of the patient's actual ventricle in clinical images. The dimensions, activity, and ejection fraction can all be adjusted. In addition, regional wall-motion abnormalities can be generated in any of the walls. To illustrate applications of the model in testing and evaluating cardiac computer programs, the performances of two ejection-fraction programs are compared, and use of the model in evaluating digital filtering algorithms is discussed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008955 Models, Cardiovascular Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of the cardiovascular system, processes, or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers and other electronic equipment. Cardiovascular Model,Cardiovascular Models,Model, Cardiovascular
D011877 Radionuclide Imaging The production of an image obtained by cameras that detect the radioactive emissions of an injected radionuclide as it has distributed differentially throughout tissues in the body. The image obtained from a moving detector is called a scan, while the image obtained from a stationary camera device is called a scintiphotograph. Gamma Camera Imaging,Radioisotope Scanning,Scanning, Radioisotope,Scintigraphy,Scintiphotography,Imaging, Gamma Camera,Imaging, Radionuclide
D003201 Computers Programmable electronic devices designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations. Calculators, Programmable,Computer Hardware,Computers, Digital,Hardware, Computer,Calculator, Programmable,Computer,Computer, Digital,Digital Computer,Digital Computers,Programmable Calculator,Programmable Calculators
D006321 Heart The hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood. Hearts
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013318 Stroke Volume The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume. Ventricular Ejection Fraction,Ventricular End-Diastolic Volume,Ventricular End-Systolic Volume,Ejection Fraction, Ventricular,Ejection Fractions, Ventricular,End-Diastolic Volume, Ventricular,End-Diastolic Volumes, Ventricular,End-Systolic Volume, Ventricular,End-Systolic Volumes, Ventricular,Fraction, Ventricular Ejection,Fractions, Ventricular Ejection,Stroke Volumes,Ventricular Ejection Fractions,Ventricular End Diastolic Volume,Ventricular End Systolic Volume,Ventricular End-Diastolic Volumes,Ventricular End-Systolic Volumes,Volume, Stroke,Volume, Ventricular End-Diastolic,Volume, Ventricular End-Systolic,Volumes, Stroke,Volumes, Ventricular End-Diastolic,Volumes, Ventricular End-Systolic

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