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Zinc utilization in the chick as influenced by dietary concentrations of calcium and phytate and by Eimeria acervulina infection. 1984

K W Bafundo, and D H Baker, and P R Fitzgerald

Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of Eimeria acervulina infection (duodenal coccidiosis) on the zinc (Zn)-calcium (Ca)-phytate interrelationship in the chick. Three supplemental levels of Ca (0, .91, and 1.82%), two of Zn (0 or 52 mg/kg), and two of sodium phytate (0 or 1.2%) were evaluated as to their effects when added to completely adequate corn-soybean meal diets. Duodenal coccidiosis was produced by multiple crop inoculations of 4 X 10(5) sporulated E. acervulina oocysts. Calcium supplementation depressed gain and efficiency of feed utilization, while Zn content of tissue and plasma was also lowered. Coccidial infection tended to reduce these values further. The addition of dietary phytate also depressed performance and deposition of Zn in tissue. Both excess dietary Ca and phytate addition to the diet markedly reduced plasma Zn concentration of birds fed corn-soybean meal diets unsupplemented with Zn. Addition of 52 mg/kg Zn, however, prevented excess Ca or phytate from exerting this effect. Parasitized chicks responded markedly with increased gain and gain/feed ratios when 52 mg/kg supplemental Zn was added to a 24% protein corn-soybean meal diet containing 1.82% total dietary Ca. It is evident, therefore, that the Zn-antagonizing effect of excess Ca (in the presence of phytate) is exacerbated by duodenal coccidiosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D010833 Phytic Acid Complexing agent for removal of traces of heavy metal ions. It acts also as a hypocalcemic agent. Inositol Hexaphosphate,Phytin,Calcium Phytate,Inositol Hexakisphosphate,Phytate,Sodium Phytate,Acid, Phytic,Hexakisphosphate, Inositol,Hexaphosphate, Inositol,Phytate, Calcium,Phytate, Sodium
D011201 Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. Disease, Poultry,Diseases, Poultry,Poultry Disease
D002118 Calcium A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes. Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002119 Calcium Carbonate Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement. Aragonite,Calcite,Chalk,Limestone,Marble,Milk of Calcium,Vaterite,Calcium Milk,Carbonate, Calcium
D002136 Calcium, Dietary Calcium compounds in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS or in food that supply the body with calcium. Dietary Calcium
D002254 Carbonates Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) Carbonate
D002645 Chickens Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA. Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D003048 Coccidiosis Protozoan infection found in animals and man. It is caused by several different genera of COCCIDIA. Besnoitiasis,Besnoitiosis,Besnoitiases,Besnoitioses,Coccidioses
D005527 Food, Fortified Any food that has been supplemented with essential NUTRIENTS either in quantities that are greater than those normally present, or which are not found in the food typically. Fortified food also includes food enriched by adding various nutrients to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (Modified from Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992). Enriched Food,Food, Supplemented,Enriched Foods,Food, Enriched,Foods, Enriched,Foods, Fortified,Foods, Supplemented,Fortified Food,Fortified Foods,Supplemented Food,Supplemented Foods

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