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33 children with different congenital cardiac malformations--aged one day to twelve and a half years--were investigated by peripheral and central, 1- and 2 dimensional contrast echocardiography. 11 patients were studied during routinely performed cardiac catheterization and 23 in the early postoperative period (one patient pre- and postoperatively.) Contrast echocardiography peripherally performed represents a very sensitive diagnostic method to detect right-to-left shunting at atrial and/or ventricular levels. Quantification of shunts seems to be possible, if standardization can be achieved. Contrast echocardiography centrally performed can detect right-to-left shunts in residual postoperative defects, delineate and identify intra- and extracardiac structures, assess "low-output" states and should be applied in complex cardia malformations.
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
February 1981,
Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
August 2010,
Chest,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
January 1990,
The Turkish journal of pediatrics,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
May 2010,
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
December 1988,
Zhonghua nei ke za zhi,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
September 1977,
Rinsho hoshasen. Clinical radiography,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
June 1981,
Journal of cardiography,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
January 2013,
Indian heart journal,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
March 1979,
Circulation,
K D Müller, and
I Steinbauer-Rosenthal, and
F Glet
July 1975,
Annales de chirurgie thoracique et cardio-vasculaire,
