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Unusual hypoxanthine hydroxylation system in hepatopancreas of Helix pomatia (Gastropoda). 1984

M M Jezewska, and Z W Kamiński

The enzymatic system in hepatopancreas of H. pomatia (terrestrial purinotelic gastropod) hydroxylates hypoxanthine to xanthine and uric acid but fails to hydroxylate adenine, nicotinic acid and 3-methyl-6- hydroxypurine ; allopurinol is hydroxylated to oxypurinol 7 times faster than hypoxanthine to xanthine; at concentration of 10(-6) M it inhibits hydroxylation of hypoxanthine by 55%. Two protein fractions [precipitated at 0-0.30 (I) and 0.30-0.45 (II) saturation with (NH4)2 SO4] hydroxylate hypoxanthine with NAD+ as a cosubstrate but only fraction I, predominating during the active life, hydroxylates also xanthine and is inhibited by NADH. Protein fraction II, dominant during winter sleep, does not hydroxylate xanthine and its hypoxanthine-hydroxylating activity is not inhibited by NADH. The latter property may enable continuous operation of the protein catabolic pathway under anaerobiosis.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007042 Hypoxanthines Purine bases related to hypoxanthine, an intermediate product of uric acid synthesis and a breakdown product of adenine catabolism.
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D009243 NAD A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed) Coenzyme I,DPN,Diphosphopyridine Nucleotide,Nadide,Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide,Dihydronicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide,NADH,Adenine Dinucleotide, Dihydronicotinamide,Dinucleotide, Dihydronicotinamide Adenine,Dinucleotide, Nicotinamide-Adenine,Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide,Nucleotide, Diphosphopyridine
D010179 Pancreas A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D011687 Purines A series of heterocyclic compounds that are variously substituted in nature and are known also as purine bases. They include ADENINE and GUANINE, constituents of nucleic acids, as well as many alkaloids such as CAFFEINE and THEOPHYLLINE. Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism.
D006372 Helix, Snails A genus of chiefly Eurasian and African land snails including the principal edible snails as well as several pests of cultivated plants. Helix (Snails),Snails Helix
D006900 Hydroxylation Placing of a hydroxyl group on a compound in a position where one did not exist before. (Stedman, 26th ed) Hydroxylations
D000493 Allopurinol A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms. Allohexal,Allohexan,Alloprin,Allopurin,Allorin,Allpargin,Allural,Apulonga,Apurin,Atisuril,Bleminol,Caplenal,Capurate,Cellidrin,Embarin,Foligan,Hamarin,Jenapurinol,Lopurin,Lysuron,Milurit,Milurite,Novopurol,Pan Quimica,Progout,Pureduct,Purinol,Remid,Rimapurinol,Roucol,Suspendol,Tipuric,Uribenz,Uridocid,Uripurinol,Urosin,Urtias,Xanthomax,Xanturic,Zygout,Zyloprim,Zyloric
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012621 Seasons Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed) Seasonal Variation,Season,Seasonal Variations,Variation, Seasonal,Variations, Seasonal

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