Biomaterial Database

Heterogeneity of natural killer lymphocyte abnormalities in colon cancer patients. 1984

C M Balch, and A B Tilden, and P A Dougherty, and G A Cloud, and T Abo

p6e monoclonal antibody HNK-1 reacts exclusively with human granular lymphocytes that comprise 16 +/- 1.4% of blood mononuclear cells. In normal individuals, almost all natural killer (NK) and killer (K) cell function resides in this lymphocyte subset. The level of HNK-1+ granular lymphocytes, their stage of differentiation, and NK cell function were examined in 70 colon cancer patients and the results compared with data for 114 age-matched normal individuals. Median levels of granular lymphocytes were significantly depressed in colon cancer patients compared to controls (9% versus 16.5%, P less than 0.0001). Despite the depressed numbers of circulating HNK-1+ cells, NK cell function in the colon cancer patients was essentially the same as in normals (P = 0.78). The HNK-1+ lymphocyte level correlated exactly with NK cell function in about two thirds of normal individuals but only one third of colon cancer patients (P = 0.025). Three possible mechanisms for this dichotomy were examined. First, lymphoid cell subpopulations purified with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) were examined for altered NK cell functional activity. HNK-1+ cells from the colon cancer patients exhibited significantly less NK functional activity compared to normals (796 versus 1046 lytic units, P = 0.04). Interestingly, the HNK-1- fraction (predominantly T lymphocytes) had increased NK cell functional activity in the colon cancer patients compared to normals (373 versus 218 lytic units, P = 0.0001). Purified monocytes did not contribute to NK cell functional activity. Second, the functional maturity of the HNK-1+ lymphocytes was correlated with NK activity. Two subsets of HNK-1+ cells were identified by surface membrane markers and purified with the FACS. The more mature HNK-1+ subset (i.e., HNK+Leu-4-M1+) exhibited almost ten times more NK cell functional activity than did the less mature cell fraction (i.e., HNK+Leu-4+M1-) cells in normal individuals (2230 versus 286 lytic units/10(7) cells). Further analysis demonstrated that the ratio of mature to immature HNK+ cells in normal individuals was 3:1, while it was decreased to a 1:1 ratio in colon cancer patients P = 0.005). Third, the influence of prostaglandin-mediated suppression on NK cell activity was examined. PGE2 did not appear to influence NK cell function, since NK cell function was unchanged in vitro in the presence of a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007694	Killer Cells, Natural	Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.	NK Cells,Natural Killer Cells,Cell, NK,Cell, Natural Killer,Cells, NK,Cells, Natural Killer,Killer Cell, Natural,NK Cell,Natural Killer Cell
D008214	Lymphocytes	White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D011458	Prostaglandins E	(11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-Dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGE(1)); (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGE(2)); and (5Z,11 alpha,13E,15S,17Z)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (PGE(3)). Three of the six naturally occurring prostaglandins. They are considered primary in that no one is derived from another in living organisms. Originally isolated from sheep seminal fluid and vesicles, they are found in many organs and tissues and play a major role in mediating various physiological activities.	PGE
D011863	Radioimmunoassay	Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.	Radioimmunoassays
D003110	Colonic Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	Cancer of Colon,Colon Adenocarcinoma,Colon Cancer,Cancer of the Colon,Colon Neoplasms,Colonic Cancer,Neoplasms, Colonic,Adenocarcinoma, Colon,Adenocarcinomas, Colon,Cancer, Colon,Cancer, Colonic,Cancers, Colon,Cancers, Colonic,Colon Adenocarcinomas,Colon Cancers,Colon Neoplasm,Colonic Cancers,Colonic Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Colon,Neoplasm, Colonic,Neoplasms, Colon
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000911	Antibodies, Monoclonal	Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.	Monoclonal Antibodies,Monoclonal Antibody,Antibody, Monoclonal
D015232	Dinoprostone	The most common and most biologically active of the mammalian prostaglandins. It exhibits most biological activities characteristic of prostaglandins and has been used extensively as an oxytocic agent. The compound also displays a protective effect on the intestinal mucosa.	PGE2,PGE2alpha,Prostaglandin E2,Prostaglandin E2alpha,PGE2 alpha,Prepidil Gel,Prostaglandin E2 alpha,Prostenon,E2 alpha, Prostaglandin,E2, Prostaglandin,E2alpha, Prostaglandin,Gel, Prepidil,alpha, PGE2,alpha, Prostaglandin E2