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The development of portable insulin infusion devices - in which the insulin dosage is programmed in advance (open loop system) are increasingly being used for long-term daily diabetes control. These pumps represent a new method for attaining significantly improved metabolic control (glycemia and glucose metabolites, HbA1, lipid and aminoacid metabolism) and an impressive influence on diabetic neuropathy, on general fitness and on quality of life of insulin-dependent diabetics. At least all insulin-dependent diabetics without noticeable residual insulin secretion should be treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) via portable pumps, that are 8 000-10 000 patients in the GDR and approximately 500 000 in the world. Considering special conditions (strict supervision by experienced medical staff, carefully drawn up adequate instructions, highly motivated and capable patients) we assume that at the present stage of technical development of the pumps infants, imbeciles and incooperatives should be excepted only.
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
November 1982,
The Medical clinics of North America,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
January 1988,
Diabetes research and clinical practice,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
February 2024,
Microbiology spectrum,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
January 2024,
Microbiology spectrum,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
September 1982,
Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
November 1979,
Diabetes,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
January 1982,
Diabetes care,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
February 1994,
Lancet (London, England),
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
June 1982,
The Journal of the Medical Society of New Jersey,
W Bruns, and
R Menzel, and
H Bibergeil
July 1990,
Archives of internal medicine,
