Correlation between endogenous nucleosomal hyper(ADP-ribosyl)ation of histone H1 and the induction of chromatin relaxation. 1983

R J Aubin, and A Fréchette, and G de Murcia, and P Mandel, and A Lord, and G Grondin, and G G Poirier

The effect of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis on chromatin structure was investigated by velocity sedimentation and electron microscopy. We demonstrate that locally relaxed regions can be generated within polynucleosome chains by the activity of their intrinsic poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase. This relaxation phenomenon is also shown to be NAD dependent and to be correlated with the formation of hyper(ADP-ribosyl)ated forms of histone H1. Evidence is also presented which suggests that hyper(ADP-ribosyl)ated histone H1 is neither released from the relaxed chromatin, nor does it seem to participate in polynucleosomal aggregation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008836 Micrococcal Nuclease An enzyme that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage to 3'-phosphomononucleotide and 3'-phospholigonucleotide end-products. It can cause hydrolysis of double- or single-stranded DNA or RNA. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.1.31.1. Staphylococcal Nuclease,TNase,Thermonuclease,Thermostable Nuclease,Nuclease, Micrococcal,Nuclease, Staphylococcal,Nuclease, Thermostable
D008854 Microscopy, Electron Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen. Electron Microscopy
D009702 Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars Diphosphate Sugars, Nucleoside,Sugars, Nucleoside Diphosphate
D009707 Nucleosomes The repeating structural units of chromatin, each consisting of approximately 200 base pairs of DNA wound around a protein core. This core is composed of the histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Dinucleosomes,Polynucleosomes,Dinucleosome,Nucleosome,Polynucleosome
D010179 Pancreas A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D002458 Cell Fractionation Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS. Cell Fractionations,Fractionation, Cell,Fractionations, Cell
D002843 Chromatin The material of CHROMOSOMES. It is a complex of DNA; HISTONES; and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell. Chromatins
D006657 Histones Small chromosomal proteins (approx 12-20 kD) possessing an open, unfolded structure and attached to the DNA in cell nuclei by ionic linkages. Classification into the various types (designated histone I, histone II, etc.) is based on the relative amounts of arginine and lysine in each. Histone,Histone H1,Histone H1(s),Histone H2a,Histone H2b,Histone H3,Histone H3.3,Histone H4,Histone H5,Histone H7
D000246 Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose An ester formed between the aldehydic carbon of RIBOSE and the terminal phosphate of ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE. It is produced by the hydrolysis of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD) by a variety of enzymes, some of which transfer an ADP-ribosyl group to target proteins. ADP Ribose,Adenosine Diphosphoribose,ADP-Ribose,ADPribose,Adenosine 5'-Diphosphoribose,5'-Diphosphoribose, Adenosine,Adenosine 5' Diphosphoribose,Diphosphate Ribose, Adenosine,Diphosphoribose, Adenosine,Ribose, ADP,Ribose, Adenosine Diphosphate
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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