Biomaterial Database

Lignocaine kinetics during cardiopulmonary bypass. Optimum dosage and the effects of haemodilution. 1983

D F Morrell, and G G Harrison

Lignocaine was administered to patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass at 28-29 degrees C in bolus doses of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 mg kg-1. Plasma concentrations greater than 1.5 micrograms ml-1 were found briefly and inconsistently in patients receiving the usually recommended dose (1.5 mg kg-1), but reliably for 14 min in those receiving 2.5 mg kg-1. The 3.5 mg kg-1 dose produced statistically and clinically significant decreases in mean arterial pressure. Examination of calculated kinetic parameters showed a two-fold decrease in T1/2 alpha, two-fold increases in T1/2 beta and Vss and unaltered ClP and VP when compared with those of unanaesthetized, normothermic patients. The alteration in pharmacokinetics may be attributed largely to decreased binding to albumin following haemodilution.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008012	Lidocaine	A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.	Lignocaine,2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)Acetamide,2-2EtN-2MePhAcN,Dalcaine,Lidocaine Carbonate,Lidocaine Carbonate (2:1),Lidocaine Hydrocarbonate,Lidocaine Hydrochloride,Lidocaine Monoacetate,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride,Lidocaine Monohydrochloride, Monohydrate,Lidocaine Sulfate (1:1),Octocaine,Xylesthesin,Xylocaine,Xylocitin,Xyloneural
D001798	Blood Proteins	Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.	Blood Protein,Plasma Protein,Plasma Proteins,Serum Protein,Serum Proteins,Protein, Blood,Protein, Plasma,Protein, Serum,Proteins, Blood,Proteins, Plasma,Proteins, Serum
D002315	Cardiopulmonary Bypass	Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs.	Heart-Lung Bypass,Bypass, Cardiopulmonary,Bypass, Heart-Lung,Bypasses, Cardiopulmonary,Bypasses, Heart-Lung,Cardiopulmonary Bypasses,Heart Lung Bypass,Heart-Lung Bypasses
D004334	Drug Administration Schedule	Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.	Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration
D006438	Hemodilution	Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solutions. Used clinically (1) in states of impaired microcirculation, (2) for replacement of intraoperative blood loss without homologous blood transfusion, and (3) in cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia.	Hemodilutions
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012709	Serum Albumin	A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.	Plasma Albumin,Albumin, Serum