Biomaterial Database

TMAO (trimethylamine oxide)-independence of oxygen affinity and its urea and ATP sensitivities in an elasmobranch hemoglobin. 1983

R E Weber

Urea and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), the major osmolytes in the body fluids of marine elasmobranch fishes, are known to exert counteracting effects on the functions of a variety of enzymes and other proteins of vertebrates (cf. Yancey et al., '82). Although urea raises the O2 affinity of the hemoglobin (Hb) of Squalus acanthias and reduces its sensitivity to the major allosteric cofactor, ATP, the oxygenation reactions of the Hb are insensitive to TMAO, reflecting the absence of urea-TMAO counteraction in the absence or in the presence of the phosphate.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008744	Methylamines	Derivatives of methylamine (the structural formula CH3NH2).
D010100	Oxygen	An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.	Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D010108	Oxyhemoglobins	A compound formed by the combination of hemoglobin and oxygen. It is a complex in which the oxygen is bound directly to the iron without causing a change from the ferrous to the ferric state.	Oxycobalt Hemoglobin,Oxycobalthemoglobin,Oxyhemoglobin,Hemoglobin, Oxycobalt
D004284	Dogfish	Sharks of the family Squalidae, also called dogfish sharks. They comprise at least eight genera and 44 species. Their LIVER is valued for its oil and its flesh is often made into fertilizer.	Squalidae,Dogfishes
D006454	Hemoglobins	The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.	Eryhem,Ferrous Hemoglobin,Hemoglobin,Hemoglobin, Ferrous
D000255	Adenosine Triphosphate	An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.	ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012754	Sharks	A group of elongate elasmobranchs. Sharks are mostly marine fish, with certain species large and voracious.	Shark
D014508	Urea	A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.	Basodexan,Carbamide,Carmol