Fish antifreeze protein and the freezing and recrystallization of ice. 1984

C A Knight, and A L DeVries, and L D Oolman

Antifreeze glycopeptide and peptides from the blood of polar fishes prevent the growth of ice crystals in water at temperatures down to approximately 1 degree C below freezing point, but do not appreciably influence the equilibrium freezing point. This freezing point hysteresis must be a disequilibrium effect, or it would violate Gibbs' phase rule, but the separate freezing and melting points are experimentally very definite: ice neither melts nor freezes perceptibly within the 'hysteresis gap', for periods of hours or days. We report here unusual crystal faces on ice crystals grown from solutions of very low concentrations of the anti-freeze glycopeptides and peptides. This is a clue to the mechanism of freezing inhibition, and it may be the basis of a simple, very sensitive test for antifreeze material. Very low concentrations of the antifreeze protein are also remarkably effective in preventing the recrystallization of ice.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D003461 Crystallography The branch of science that deals with the geometric description of crystals and their internal arrangement. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Crystallographies
D005615 Freezing Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat. Melting
D006023 Glycoproteins Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including MUCINS; mucoid, and AMYLOID glycoproteins. C-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycosylated Protein,Glycosylated Proteins,N-Glycosylated Proteins,O-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycoprotein,Neoglycoproteins,Protein, Glycosylated,Proteins, C-Glycosylated,Proteins, Glycosylated,Proteins, N-Glycosylated,Proteins, O-Glycosylated
D013696 Temperature The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms. Temperatures
D014867 Water A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Hydrogen Oxide
D021301 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins that bind to ice and modify the growth of ice crystals. They perform a cryoprotective role in a variety of organisms. Antifreeze Glycopeptide,Antifreeze Glycoprotein,Antifreeze Glycoproteins,Antifreeze Peptide,Antifreeze Protein,Thermal Hysteresis Protein,AFGP,Antifreeze Glycopeptides,Antifreeze Peptides,Thermal Hysteresis Proteins,Glycopeptide, Antifreeze,Glycopeptides, Antifreeze,Glycoprotein, Antifreeze,Glycoproteins, Antifreeze,Hysteresis Protein, Thermal,Hysteresis Proteins, Thermal,Peptide, Antifreeze,Peptides, Antifreeze,Protein, Antifreeze,Protein, Thermal Hysteresis,Proteins, Antifreeze,Proteins, Thermal Hysteresis

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