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A prevalence study of anaemia was carried out amongst children, aged one to nine years, living near a lead smelter in Santo Amaro City, Northeast Brazil. It was found that the variation in haemoglobin levels was significantly associated with malnutrition and with the interaction between malnutrition and iron deficiency, but not with lead poisoning, iron deficiency, or hookworm infection, having allowed for the effects of age, area of residence, family per capita income and race. The effect of the interaction between malnutrition and iron deficiency on haemoglobin levels was most prominent amongst children aged one year and amongst those living in the most deprived area. The lack of demonstrable interaction between lead poisoning and iron deficiency in the causation of anaemia amongst these children is discussed.
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
August 1989,
The Science of the total environment,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
August 1986,
Environmental research,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
January 1987,
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
August 1989,
The Science of the total environment,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
May 2019,
Environmental science & technology,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
November 2004,
International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
January 1992,
Archives of environmental health,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
May 2007,
Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
July 1987,
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,
F M Carvalho, and
M L Barreto, and
A M Silvany-Neto, and
H A Waldron, and
T M Tavares
May 1973,
Archives of environmental health,
