Biomaterial Database

[Comparative studies of the digestibility of wheat straw pellets with different proportions of concentrated feed in sheep and bulls. 2. Rumen fermentation studies]. 1984

E F Klenke, and H Münchow, and H Bergner

4 sheep (wethers) and 4 bulls (130-140 kg live weight) received pellets of straw and concentrated feed of the charges 1-5 produced from the same wheat straw. The quota of wheat coarse meal in the pellets was, in the sequence 1 to 5:31.4; 29.7; 15.3; 11.5 and 7.8% (charge 5 contained in addition to this 7.4% dried sugar beet). The crude fibre content in the DM, in the same sequence, was as follows: 25.9; 28.1; 28.7; 31.7 and 34.4%. The total content of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the rumen fluid of the sheep was between 96.6 and 97.8 mmol/l (all 5 charges) and in the rumen fluid of the bulls between 83.4 and 90.5 m mol/l. There were no significant differences between the groups. The molar acetic acid content after the feeding of charge 1 (poorer in crude fibre) was 67.4% (sheep) and 68.0% (bulls) and rose with the increasing crude fibre content in the case of charge 5 to 70.5% and 72.2% resp. The content of propionic acid did not rise in the pelleted rations with the growing cereal quota and, identically for sheep and bulls, amounted to 17.7 mol% and 17.8 mol% on an average of the 5 rations. The molar butyric acid content decreased significantly with both species with the growing crude fibre content of the pelleted charges. The sum of the VFA with branched chains (isobutyric acid, valeric acid and isovaleric acid) increased significantly in both species with the growing quota of cereal coarse meal in the pellet charges. In the bulls, however, the increase was distinctly steeper, which is probably connected with the significantly higher pH-value and a higher proteolysis rate in the rumen fluid of the bulls (charges 1 to 2) in comparison with the sheep.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D005232	Fatty Acids, Volatile	Short-chain fatty acids of up to six carbon atoms in length. They are the major end products of microbial fermentation in the ruminant digestive tract and have also been implicated in the causation of neurological diseases in humans.	Fatty Acids, Short-Chain,Short-Chain Fatty Acid,Volatile Fatty Acid,Acid, Short-Chain Fatty,Acid, Volatile Fatty,Fatty Acid, Short-Chain,Fatty Acid, Volatile,Fatty Acids, Short Chain,Short Chain Fatty Acid,Short-Chain Fatty Acids,Volatile Fatty Acids
D005285	Fermentation	Anaerobic degradation of GLUCOSE or other organic nutrients to gain energy in the form of ATP. End products vary depending on organisms, substrates, and enzymatic pathways. Common fermentation products include ETHANOL and LACTIC ACID.	Fermentations
D005750	Gastric Juice	The liquid secretion of the stomach mucosa consisting of hydrochloric acid (GASTRIC ACID); PEPSINOGENS; INTRINSIC FACTOR; GASTRIN; MUCUS; and the bicarbonate ion (BICARBONATES). (From Best & Taylor's Physiological Basis of Medical Practice, 12th ed, p651)	Gastric Juices,Juice, Gastric,Juices, Gastric
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821	Animal Feed	Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock.	Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D012417	Rumen	The first stomach of ruminants. It lies on the left side of the body, occupying the whole of the left side of the abdomen and even stretching across the median plane of the body to the right side. It is capacious, divided into an upper and a lower sac, each of which has a blind sac at its posterior extremity. The rumen is lined by mucous membrane containing no digestive glands, but mucus-secreting glands are present in large numbers. Coarse, partially chewed food is stored and churned in the rumen until the animal finds circumstances convenient for rumination. When this occurs, little balls of food are regurgitated through the esophagus into the mouth, and are subjected to a second more thorough mastication, swallowed, and passed on into other parts of the compound stomach. (From Black's Veterinary Dictionary, 17th ed)	Rumens
D012756	Sheep	Any of the ruminant mammals with curved horns in the genus Ovis, family Bovidae. They possess lachrymal grooves and interdigital glands, which are absent in GOATS.	Ovis,Sheep, Dall,Dall Sheep,Ovis dalli