Biomaterial Database

Effects of non-toxic doses of ouabain on sodium, potassium, calcium distribution in guinea pig papillary muscle. Electronprobe microanalysis. 1984

M F Wendt-Gallitelli, and R Jacob

The mechanisms and the cellular structures which are definitely involved in the accumulation and release of calcium in heart muscle treated with cardiac glycosides are not yet known. The distribution of sodium, potassium and calcium in small papillary muscles of the guinea pig right ventricle was examined with the aid of energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis and cryotechniques. The primary aim of the present study was twofold: firstly, to determine whether an increase in intracellular sodium concentration is detectable in muscles showing positive inotropy resulting from treatment with non-toxic doses of ouabain; and secondly, whether at the end of diastole cellular stores are detectable accumulating Ca which could be responsible for the pronounced contraction which normally would follow. Analyses on interstitium, cell membrane, sarcomeres, Z-lines and mitochondria of 7 muscles strips treated with non-toxic doses of ouabain and frozen at the end of diastole showed the following: sodium concentration in the sarcoplasm was significantly higher than over the mitochondria; it was also higher than over the sarcoplasm of non-treated muscles frozen at the end of diastole. High calcium concentrations were also measured over the cell membrane. These calcium concentrations were higher than that detected in sarcomeres, Z-lines and mitochondria. Over the sarcomeres, the calcium concentration was higher than in experiments on non-treated muscles which were also frozen at the end of diastole. Mitochondria did not accumulate any detectable concentration of calcium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008929	Mitochondria, Heart	The mitochondria of the myocardium.	Heart Mitochondria,Myocardial Mitochondria,Mitochondrion, Heart,Heart Mitochondrion,Mitochondria, Myocardial
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D010042	Ouabain	A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.	Acocantherin,G-Strophanthin,Acolongifloroside K,G Strophanthin
D010210	Papillary Muscles	Conical muscular projections from the walls of the cardiac ventricles, attached to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by the chordae tendineae.	Muscle, Papillary,Muscles, Papillary,Papillary Muscle
D011188	Potassium	An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells. Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002451	Cell Compartmentation	A partitioning within cells due to the selectively permeable membranes which enclose each of the separate parts, e.g., mitochondria, lysosomes, etc.	Cell Compartmentations,Compartmentation, Cell,Compartmentations, Cell
D004577	Electron Probe Microanalysis	Identification and measurement of ELEMENTS and their location based on the fact that X-RAYS emitted by an element excited by an electron beam have a wavelength characteristic of that element and an intensity related to its concentration. It is performed with an electron microscope fitted with an x-ray spectrometer, in scanning or transmission mode.	Microscopy, Electron, X-Ray Microanalysis,Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Electron Microscopic,Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Electron Probe,X-Ray Emission Spectrometry, Electron Microscopic,X-Ray Emission Spectrometry, Electron Probe,X-Ray Microanalysis, Electron Microscopic,X-Ray Microanalysis, Electron Probe,Microanalysis, Electron Probe,Spectrometry, X Ray Emission, Electron Microscopic,Spectrometry, X Ray Emission, Electron Probe,X Ray Emission Spectrometry, Electron Microscopic,X Ray Emission Spectrometry, Electron Probe,X-Ray Microanalysis,Electron Probe Microanalyses,Microanalyses, Electron Probe,Microanalysis, X-Ray,Probe Microanalyses, Electron,Probe Microanalysis, Electron,X Ray Microanalysis,X Ray Microanalysis, Electron Microscopic,X Ray Microanalysis, Electron Probe
D005615	Freezing	Liquids transforming into solids by the removal of heat.	Melting
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea