Biomaterial Database

Decreased insulin binding, glucose transport, and glucose metabolism in soleus muscle of rats fed a high fat diet. 1982

M L Grundleger, and S W Thenen

The relationship between diet and insulin sensitivity was examined in isolated soleus muscle from 10-wk-old lean Zucker rats. Rats were fed either a high fat or high carbohydrate diet that had 67% of calories as fat or carbohydrate, respectively, for 10 days. Plasma insulin but not plasma glucose concentrations were significantly elevated in high-fat-fed rats, indicating that a state of insulin resistance existed. The mechanisms responsible for the insulin resistance were studied by measuring insulin binding, 2-deoxyglucose uptake, and glucose metabolism in soleus muscle. The soleus muscle from the high-fat-fed rats bound significantly less insulin than high carbohydrate control rats under equilibrium binding conditions. The 35% decrease in insulin binding at maximal insulin concentrations resulted from a decrease in insulin receptor number but no change in receptor affinity. Maximal insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake was reduced in soleus muscle from high-fat-fed rats when compared with high carbohydrate controls. A decrease in postmembrane basal and insulin-stimulated glucose utilization was produced by high rat feeding and varied depending upon the pathway involved. An estimate of glycolysis (3H2O) formation from [5-3H]glucose) and glucose oxidation (14CO2 production from 14C-glucose) demonstrated a greater decrease in basal and insulin-stimulated utilization than in [5-3H]glucose conversion to [3H]glycogen. These results suggest that multiple sites are responsible for the observed insulin resistance in soleus muscle after high fat feeding.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D007333	Insulin Resistance	Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	Insulin Sensitivity,Resistance, Insulin,Sensitivity, Insulin
D008297	Male		Males
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D011924	Rats, Zucker	Two populations of Zucker rats have been cited in research--the "fatty" or obese and the lean. The "fatty" rat (Rattus norvegicus) appeared as a spontaneous mutant. The obese condition appears to be due to a single recessive gene.	Zucker Rat,Zucker Rats,Rat, Zucker
D011972	Receptor, Insulin	A cell surface receptor for INSULIN. It comprises a tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits which are derived from cleavage of a single precursor protein. The receptor contains an intrinsic TYROSINE KINASE domain that is located within the beta subunit. Activation of the receptor by INSULIN results in numerous metabolic changes including increased uptake of GLUCOSE into the liver, muscle, and ADIPOSE TISSUE.	Insulin Receptor,Insulin Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinase,Insulin Receptor alpha Subunit,Insulin Receptor beta Subunit,Insulin Receptor alpha Chain,Insulin Receptor beta Chain,Insulin-Dependent Tyrosine Protein Kinase,Receptors, Insulin,Insulin Receptor Protein Tyrosine Kinase,Insulin Receptors
D003847	Deoxyglucose	2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.	2-Deoxy-D-glucose,2-Deoxyglucose,2-Desoxy-D-glucose,2 Deoxy D glucose,2 Deoxyglucose,2 Desoxy D glucose
D004041	Dietary Fats	Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.	Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary
D005260	Female		Females
D005947	Glucose	A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement.	Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose