In a study using a non-serological enzymatic approach for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in cervical and urethral swabs, the technique was shown to be technically feasible. The enzyme, 1, 2-propanediol oxidoreductase, was used as a presumptive diagnostic marker for N gonorrhoeae. Enzymatic activity was measured with a fluorometer. Two assay procedures were performed: (a) enzyme detection (two-tube and three-tube assays) requiring 60 minutes; and (b) enzyme inhibition (EI) (90-minute and modified 20-minute assays). Sensitivities of the two-tube, three-tube, and the 90-minute EI assays with male urethral specimens from a high-prevalence population were 80%, 84%, and 91% respectively. The specificities of these assays in a low-prevalence male population were not determined. Sensitivity of the 90-minute EI assay in a high-prevalence female group was 77% and specificity in a low-prevalence female group was 75%. The modified EI assay was tested only in a low-prevalence female group and had 87% specificity. Although the specificity of the assays needs improvement, several advantages--including early case detection, rapid availability of results, detection of current active infections, and the possibility of automation--are intrinsic in this enzymatic approach.