Biomaterial Database

[Mathematical approach to the differential diagnosis of phenotypically similar hereditary diseases]. 1980

B A Kobrinskiĭ, and V P Vetrov

The paper, which is based on the report made at XIV International Genetical Congress, concerns the problems of applying mathematical methods in differential diagnosis of relatively rare hereditary diseases (Marfan's disease, homocystinuria, mucopolysaccharidosis, epiphyseal dysplasias) and in analysis of phenotypical differences in dominant and recessive type of inheritance. Results of algorithmic mechanisms of detection, which provide a diagnosis during establishment of phenotypically homogeneous subgroups of patients within existing nosologic entities, are discussed. With such an approach, efficiency of diagnosis reaches 90% and more. In case of various possible modes of inheriting a disease with a genealogic history fragmentary or absent the authors propose that determining a possible type of hereditary transmission should be approached by analysis of phenotypical similarity of difference with reference to patients with cleared dominant or recessive type of inheritance. The latter is based on the discovery of phenotypical difference between patients with differing types of transmission of the mutant genes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008382	Marfan Syndrome	An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton. Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE; AORTIC ANEURYSM; and AORTIC DISSECTION. Other features include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome (type 1) is associated with mutations in the gene encoding FIBRILLIN-1 (FBN1), a major element of extracellular microfibrils of connective tissue. Mutations in the gene encoding TYPE II TGF-BETA RECEPTOR (TGFBR2) are associated with Marfan syndrome type 2.	Marfan Like Connective Tissue Disorder,Marfan Syndrome Type 1,Marfan Syndrome Type 2,Marfan Syndrome, Type II,Marfan Syndrome, Type I,Marfan's Syndrome,Marfans Syndrome
D008433	Mathematics	The deductive study of shape, quantity, and dependence. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Mathematic
D009083	Mucopolysaccharidoses	Group of lysosomal storage diseases each caused by an inherited deficiency of an enzyme involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). The diseases are progressive and often display a wide spectrum of clinical severity within one enzyme deficiency.	Mucopolysaccharidosis
D010641	Phenotype	The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.	Phenotypes
D002806	Chondrodysplasia Punctata	A heterogeneous group of bone dysplasias, the common character of which is stippling of the epiphyses in infancy. The group includes a severe autosomal recessive form (CHONDRODYSPLASIA PUNCTATA, RHIZOMELIC), an autosomal dominant form (Conradi-Hunermann syndrome), and a milder X-linked form. Metabolic defects associated with impaired peroxisomes are present only in the rhizomelic form.	Chondrodystrophia Calcificans Congenita,Conradi-Hunermann Syndrome,Dysplasia Epiphysialis Punctata,Epiphyses, Stippled,Stippled Epiphyses,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X-Linked,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X-Linked Dominant,Conradi Hunermann Happle Syndrome,Conradi-Hunermann-Happle Syndrome,Conradi-Hünermann Syndrome,Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndrome,Happle Syndrome,Hunermann-Conradi Syndrome,X-Linked Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2,X-Linked Dominant Chondrodysplasia Punctata,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X Linked,Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2, X Linked Dominant,Conradi Hunermann Syndrome,Conradi Hünermann Happle Syndrome,Conradi Hünermann Syndrome,Conradi-Hunermann-Happle Syndromes,Conradi-Hünermann Syndromes,Conradi-Hünermann-Happle Syndromes,Hunermann Conradi Syndrome,X Linked Chondrodysplasia Punctata 2,X Linked Dominant Chondrodysplasia Punctata
D003201	Computers	Programmable electronic devices designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations.	Calculators, Programmable,Computer Hardware,Computers, Digital,Hardware, Computer,Calculator, Programmable,Computer,Computer, Digital,Digital Computer,Digital Computers,Programmable Calculator,Programmable Calculators
D003937	Diagnosis, Differential	Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures.	Diagnoses, Differential,Differential Diagnoses,Differential Diagnosis
D006712	Homocystinuria	Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus, SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979)	CBS Deficiency,Cystathionine beta-Synthase Deficiency Disease,Cystathionine Beta Synthase Deficiency,Deficiency Disease, Cystathionine beta-Synthase,CBS Deficiencies,Cystathionine beta Synthase Deficiency Disease,Deficiencies, CBS,Deficiency Disease, Cystathionine beta Synthase,Deficiency, CBS
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D030342	Genetic Diseases, Inborn	Diseases that are caused by genetic mutations present during embryo or fetal development, although they may be observed later in life. The mutations may be inherited from a parent's genome or they may be acquired in utero.	Hereditary Diseases,Genetic Diseases,Genetic Disorders,Hereditary Disease,Inborn Genetic Diseases,Single-Gene Defects,Defect, Single-Gene,Defects, Single-Gene,Disease, Genetic,Disease, Hereditary,Disease, Inborn Genetic,Diseases, Genetic,Diseases, Hereditary,Diseases, Inborn Genetic,Disorder, Genetic,Disorders, Genetic,Genetic Disease,Genetic Disease, Inborn,Genetic Disorder,Inborn Genetic Disease,Single Gene Defects,Single-Gene Defect