[Role of insulin and its antagonists in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications]. 1980

G G Alekseeva, and Z Kh Zaripova, and L I Velikanova, and A S Savushkina, and N A Iukhlova

The content of insulin antagonists (growth hormone, cortisol, catecholamine, DOPA, free fatty acids) was studied in 40 women suffering from diabetes mellitus, including 12 insulin-sensitive and 15 insulin-resistant, and 13 women with freshly diagnosed untreated diabetes. The greatest content of all the insulin antagonists was revealed in the insulin-sensitive patients during the decompensation period. It is assumed that in this period, diabetogenic actions of insulin antagonists create the most favourable conditions for the formation of insulin antagonists create the most favourable conditions for the formation of insulin resistance; this resistance is then maintained by the increased antibody titre due to the elevation of therapeutic insulin doses and lengthy persistence of the high growth hormone level in the insulin-resistant patients. Besides, the high growth hormone content promotes angioretinopathy development. A conclusion is drawn that the content of growth hormone, cortisol, catecholamines, DOPA, or free fatty acids does not serve as the primary factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, since at any of the phases of the disease the level of each of them failed to differ from control.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007328 Insulin A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1). Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D007329 Insulin Antagonists Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or action of insulin. Antagonists, Insulin
D007333 Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. Insulin Sensitivity,Resistance, Insulin,Sensitivity, Insulin
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D001786 Blood Glucose Glucose in blood. Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002395 Catecholamines A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from TYROSINE. Catecholamine,Sympathin,Sympathins
D003920 Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.
D004295 Dihydroxyphenylalanine A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific. Dopa,3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine,3-Hydroxy-DL-tyrosine,Dihydroxyphenylalanine Hydrochloride, (2:1),beta-Hydroxytyrosine,3 Hydroxy DL tyrosine,3,4 Dihydroxyphenylalanine,beta Hydroxytyrosine
D005230 Fatty Acids, Nonesterified FATTY ACIDS found in the plasma that are complexed with SERUM ALBUMIN for transport. These fatty acids are not in glycerol ester form. Fatty Acids, Free,Free Fatty Acid,Free Fatty Acids,NEFA,Acid, Free Fatty,Acids, Free Fatty,Acids, Nonesterified Fatty,Fatty Acid, Free,Nonesterified Fatty Acids
D005260 Female Females

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