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The catalytic properties of bovine tyrpsin (EC 3.4.21.4) have been investigated using a synthetic chromogenic substrate: alpha-CBZ-L-lysine-p-nitrophenyl ester (ZLNPE). The use of ZLNPE allows the determination of trypsin down to a concentration of 2 . 10(-9) M. Steady-state and pre-steady-state data have been in the framework of the minimum three-step mechanism: (Formula: see text). The pH-dependence of the kinetic parameters shows that at acid pH values (congruent to 2.6) the k+3 step is rate limiting in catalysis, whereas for pH values higher than 4.8 k+2 becomes rate limiting. This change in rate-limiting step with pH illustrates the danger in the assumption that kcat vs. pH profiles for protease action on substrates with good leaving groups are equivalent to k+3 vs. pH profiles.
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