Biomaterial Database

Histone acetylase from Drosophila melanogaster specific for H4. 1981

R C Wiegand, and D L Brutlag

Histone acetylation is a rapid and reversible modification which introduces significant changes in histone-DNA interactions. Such changes have been correlated with different states of DNA transcription and replication in the cell. We have purified a histone acetylase about 1200-fold from extracts of Drosophila melanogaster embryos. Major steps in the purification include chromatography on histone-Sepharose and Bio-Rex 70. This enzyme, the only histone acetylase detected in these extracts, acetylates only histone H4. All of the acetate groups are introduced within the NH2-terminal amino acids 4 to 17. This 14-residue peptide contains the four lysines which are acetylated in vivo. The acetylase is inhibited by its substrate, histone H4, and by several highly charged polymers including polylysine, polyarginine, DNA, RNA, and polyglutamic acid. It is not inhibited by polyethyleneimine, spermine, or the other histones H2A, H2B, H3, or H1. The enzyme does not acetylate H4 which is in chromatin. This enzyme is most likely involved in the acetylation of newly synthesized histones in the cytoplasm prior to chromatin assembly.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D002843	Chromatin	The material of CHROMOSOMES. It is a complex of DNA; HISTONES; and nonhistone proteins (CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS, NON-HISTONE) found within the nucleus of a cell.	Chromatins
D004331	Drosophila melanogaster	A species of fruit fly frequently used in genetics because of the large size of its chromosomes.	D. melanogaster,Drosophila melanogasters,melanogaster, Drosophila
D004625	Embryo, Nonmammalian	The developmental entity of a fertilized egg (ZYGOTE) in animal species other than MAMMALS. For chickens, use CHICK EMBRYO.	Embryonic Structures, Nonmammalian,Embryo, Non-Mammalian,Embryonic Structures, Non-Mammalian,Nonmammalian Embryo,Nonmammalian Embryo Structures,Nonmammalian Embryonic Structures,Embryo Structure, Nonmammalian,Embryo Structures, Nonmammalian,Embryo, Non Mammalian,Embryonic Structure, Non-Mammalian,Embryonic Structure, Nonmammalian,Embryonic Structures, Non Mammalian,Embryos, Non-Mammalian,Embryos, Nonmammalian,Non-Mammalian Embryo,Non-Mammalian Embryonic Structure,Non-Mammalian Embryonic Structures,Non-Mammalian Embryos,Nonmammalian Embryo Structure,Nonmammalian Embryonic Structure,Nonmammalian Embryos,Structure, Non-Mammalian Embryonic,Structure, Nonmammalian Embryo,Structure, Nonmammalian Embryonic,Structures, Non-Mammalian Embryonic,Structures, Nonmammalian Embryo,Structures, Nonmammalian Embryonic
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000123	Acetyltransferases	Enzymes catalyzing the transfer of an acetyl group, usually from acetyl coenzyme A, to another compound. EC 2.3.1.	Acetyltransferase
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013379	Substrate Specificity	A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.	Specificities, Substrate,Specificity, Substrate,Substrate Specificities
D051548	Histone Acetyltransferases	Enzymes that catalyze acyl group transfer from ACETYL-CoA to HISTONES forming CoA and acetyl-histones.	Histone Acetylase,Histone Acetyltransferase,Acetylase, Histone,Acetyltransferase, Histone,Acetyltransferases, Histone
D029701	Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins	Proteins obtained from the species SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE. The function of specific proteins from this organism are the subject of intense scientific interest and have been used to derive basic understanding of the functioning similar proteins in higher eukaryotes.	Baker's Yeast Proteins,S cerevisiae Proteins