Biomaterial Database

Comparison of opioid agonists in maintaining responding and in suppressing morphine withdrawal in rhesus monkeys. 1981

A M Young, and H H Swain, and J H Woods

Sixteen opioid agonists were studied for their capacity both to maintain responding previously reinforced by codeine and to suppress the withdrawal syndrome induced by morphine deprivation in rhesus monkeys. All compounds, which included examples from each of the major chemical families of opioids, maintained responding at rates above those maintained by saline. There were differences among the compounds in the maximal response rates maintained, and large differences in their potencies in maintaining responding. In morphine-dependent monkeys, the abstinence signs that developed 14 h after the last morphine dose were suppressed completely by all of the compounds except codeine. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.92) between the potency of a compound in maintaining drug-reinforced responding and the potency of the compound in suppressing the morphine withdrawal syndrome.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008253	Macaca mulatta	A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.	Chinese Rhesus Macaques,Macaca mulatta lasiota,Monkey, Rhesus,Rhesus Monkey,Rhesus Macaque,Chinese Rhesus Macaque,Macaca mulatta lasiotas,Macaque, Rhesus,Rhesus Macaque, Chinese,Rhesus Macaques,Rhesus Macaques, Chinese,Rhesus Monkeys
D008297	Male		Males
D009021	Morphine Dependence	Strong dependence, both physiological and emotional, upon morphine.	Morphine Abuse,Morphine Addiction,Abuse, Morphine,Addiction, Morphine,Dependence, Morphine
D009294	Narcotics	Agents that induce NARCOSIS. Narcotics include agents that cause somnolence or induced sleep (STUPOR); natural or synthetic derivatives of OPIUM or MORPHINE or any substance that has such effects. They are potent inducers of ANALGESIA and OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS.	Analgesics, Narcotic,Narcotic Analgesics,Narcotic,Narcotic Effect,Narcotic Effects,Effect, Narcotic,Effects, Narcotic
D012055	Reinforcement Schedule	A schedule prescribing when the subject is to be reinforced or rewarded in terms of temporal interval in psychological experiments. The schedule may be continuous or intermittent.	Reinforcement Schedules,Schedule, Reinforcement,Schedules, Reinforcement
D003061	Codeine	An opioid analgesic related to MORPHINE but with less potent analgesic properties and mild sedative effects. It also acts centrally to suppress cough.	Morphinan-6-ol, 7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-, (5alpha,6alpha)-,Ardinex,Codeine Phosphate,Isocodeine,N-Methylmorphine,N Methylmorphine
D003216	Conditioning, Operant	Learning situations in which the sequence responses of the subject are instrumental in producing reinforcement. When the correct response occurs, which involves the selection from among a repertoire of responses, the subject is immediately reinforced.	Instrumental Learning,Learning, Instrumental,Operant Conditioning,Conditionings, Operant,Instrumental Learnings,Learnings, Instrumental,Operant Conditionings
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia