Biomaterial Database

Arsenic and SCE in human lymphocytes. 1983

P E Crossen

The effects of tri- and penta-valent arsenic compounds on sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) in both G0 and 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) substituted chromosomes was investigated. ¿Of 4 donors whose lymphocytes were exposed to sodium arsenate for 2 cell cycles 1 showed an increase, 2 a decrease, and 1 neither an increase or decrease over baseline levels. Exposure to sodium arsenite produced a similar result with 2 of 4 donors showing a significant increase in SCE. G0 lymphocytes exposed to either sodium arsenate or sodium arsenite did not show increased SCE. These results indicate that although arsenic can induce SCEs in human lymphocytes, there is considerable variation in SCE response among individuals. Furthermore, the data suggest that the increased SCEs seen in patients exposed to arsenic may be due to the patient's condition and not arsenic exposure.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008214	Lymphocytes	White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D001973	Bromodeoxyuridine	A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	BUdR,BrdU,Bromouracil Deoxyriboside,Broxuridine,5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine,5-Bromodeoxyuridine,NSC-38297,5 Bromo 2' deoxyuridine,5 Bromodeoxyuridine,Deoxyriboside, Bromouracil
D003434	Crossing Over, Genetic	The reciprocal exchange of segments at corresponding positions along pairs of homologous CHROMOSOMES by symmetrical breakage and crosswise rejoining forming cross-over sites (HOLLIDAY JUNCTIONS) that are resolved during CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION. Crossing-over typically occurs during MEIOSIS but it may also occur in the absence of meiosis, for example, with bacterial chromosomes, organelle chromosomes, or somatic cell nuclear chromosomes.	Crossing Over,Crossing-Over, Genetic,Crossing Overs,Genetic Crossing Over,Genetic Crossing-Over
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001149	Arsenates	Inorganic or organic salts and esters of arsenic acid.
D001151	Arsenic	A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	Arsenic-75,Arsenic 75
D012854	Sister Chromatid Exchange	An exchange of segments between the sister chromatids of a chromosome, either between the sister chromatids of a meiotic tetrad or between the sister chromatids of a duplicated somatic chromosome. Its frequency is increased by ultraviolet and ionizing radiation and other mutagenic agents and is particularly high in BLOOM SYNDROME.	Chromatid Exchange, Sister,Chromatid Exchanges, Sister,Exchange, Sister Chromatid,Exchanges, Sister Chromatid,Sister Chromatid Exchanges