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The response of EMT6/Ro single cells and multicell spheroids (150-800 microns diameter) to 1-MHz ultrasonic irradiation was determined for intensities of 0-5 W/cm2 for 1-5 min. Damage was assessed by evaluating both lysis and survival of individual spheroid cells, growth of whole spheroids, and the physical integrity of whole spheroids by histological and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The surviving fraction of spheroid cells was higher than that of single cells, and several of the intensity-duration combinations showed a statistically significant correlation between resistance to ultrasound and increased spheroid size. This resistance with size was also found in spheroid growth experiments. Histological sections showed that both peripheral and internal damage occur. The relationship of spheroid damage to studies of effects on tissues and possible therapeutic use of nonthermal ultrasound are discussed.
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
May 2006,
Ultrasonics sonochemistry,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
January 1978,
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
December 1971,
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
January 1976,
Current topics in radiation research quarterly,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
January 1994,
Methods in cell biology,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
January 1984,
Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
January 1992,
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
September 1979,
In vitro,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
January 1980,
Cancer clinical trials,
P G Sacks, and
M W Miller, and
R M Sutherland
March 2001,
Bulletin of mathematical biology,
