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Active and passive respiratory mechanics and control of breathing in kittens. 1983

W A Zin, and D Marlot, and M Bonora, and N M Siafakas, and H Gautier, and J Milic-Emili

In five spontaneously breathing kittens (12-13 days old), anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, we measured the passive and active elastances and resistances of the respiratory system and the decay of inspiratory muscle pressure (PmusI) during expiration. When normalized for body weight (BW), passive resistance (Rrs . BW) was smaller in kittens than in adult cats, whereas passive elastance (Ers . BW) did not differ significantly. As a result, passive time constant (tau rs = Rrs/Ers) was shorter in kittens (mean +/- SE: 0.073 +/- 0.011 s) than in cats (0.121 +/- 0.008 s). This, associated with a faster decay in PmusI in kittens, results in 2-3 times higher flows per kilogram body weight during spontaneous tidal expirations in kittens than in cats. As in the adult cats, the average values of active elastance and resistance were higher than the passive, the average percentage increase amounting to 59 and 49%, respectively. The greater active impedance reflects force-length and force-velocity properties of inspiratory muscles. Its price is higher work of breathing; its advantage is greater intrinsic load compensation.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008170 Lung Compliance The capability of the LUNGS to distend under pressure as measured by pulmonary volume change per unit pressure change. While not a complete description of the pressure-volume properties of the lung, it is nevertheless useful in practice as a measure of the comparative stiffness of the lung. (From Best & Taylor's Physiological Basis of Medical Practice, 12th ed, p562) Compliance, Lung,Compliances, Lung,Lung Compliances
D008176 Lung Volume Measurements Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle. Lung Capacities,Lung Volumes,Capacity, Lung,Lung Capacity,Lung Volume,Lung Volume Measurement,Measurement, Lung Volume,Volume, Lung
D009119 Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009130 Muscle, Smooth Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D010791 Phrenic Nerve The motor nerve of the diaphragm. The phrenic nerve fibers originate in the cervical spinal column (mostly C4) and travel through the cervical plexus to the diaphragm. Nerve, Phrenic,Nerves, Phrenic,Phrenic Nerves
D012119 Respiration The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration ( Breathing
D001835 Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D002415 Cats The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801) Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D000403 Airway Resistance Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow. Airway Resistances,Resistance, Airway,Resistances, Airway
D000768 Anesthesia, General Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery. Anesthesias, General,General Anesthesia,General Anesthesias

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