Biomaterial Database

Thromboxane and prostacyclin release during cardiac immediate hypersensitivity reactions in vitro. 1981

G Allan, and R Levi

Cardiac immediate hypersensitivity reactions in vitro are characterized by tachycardia, arrhythmias and coronary constriction. Whereas endogenous cardiac histamine release is responsible for the generation of arrhythmias, metabolites of arachidonic acid mediate the fall in coronary flow. In the present study, we have shown that antigenic challenge of sensitized guinea-pig hearts results in the release into the coronary effluent of immunoreactive thromboxane B2, 6-keto prostaglandin (PG) F1 alpha and PGF2 alpha. Thromboxane B2 was the predominant metabolite generated. After the administration of histamine (1-100 micrograms) or a partially purified preparation of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (5-100 U) to the sensitized heart there was no detectable release of thromboxane B2 into the coronary effluent. After the administration of sodium arachidonate (3 X 10(-6) M) to the sensitized heart 40 min after antigenic challenge, there was a predominant release of 6-keto PGF1 alpha into the coronary effluent. Pretreatment of sensitized hearts with aspirin (5.5 X 10(-5) M), indomethacin (1.4 X 10(-5) M) or 1-(2-isopropylphenyl)imidazole (5.4 X 10(-5) M) resulted in inhibition of antigen-induced thromboxane B2 release and coronary vasoconstriction. These results suggest that during immediate hypersensitivity reactions, the coronary vasculature may be predisposed to ischemic and thrombotic episodes as a result of thromboxane release. Thromboxane formation occurs independently of the actions of histamine and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis and, since it is not generated preferentially by the coronary circulation of the sensitized heart in response to arachidonate infusion, it is plausible to suggest that it is of mast cell origin.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006969	Hypersensitivity, Immediate	Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability.	Atopic Hypersensitivity,Hypersensitivity, Atopic,Hypersensitivity, Type I,IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity,Type I Hypersensitivity,Atopic Hypersensitivities,Hypersensitivities, Atopic,Hypersensitivities, IgE-Mediated,Hypersensitivities, Immediate,Hypersensitivities, Type I,Hypersensitivity, IgE-Mediated,IgE Mediated Hypersensitivity,IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivities,Immediate Hypersensitivities,Immediate Hypersensitivity,Type I Hypersensitivities
D008297	Male		Males
D009206	Myocardium	The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.	Muscle, Cardiac,Muscle, Heart,Cardiac Muscle,Myocardia,Cardiac Muscles,Heart Muscle,Heart Muscles,Muscles, Cardiac,Muscles, Heart
D011460	Prostaglandins F	(9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S)-9,11,15-Trihydroxyprost-13-en-1-oic acid (PGF(1 alpha)); (5Z,9 alpha,11,alpha,13E,15S)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid (PGF(2 alpha)); (5Z,9 alpha,11 alpha,13E,15S,17Z)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13,17-trien-1-oic acid (PGF(3 alpha)). A family of prostaglandins that includes three of the six naturally occurring prostaglandins. All naturally occurring PGF have an alpha configuration at the 9-carbon position. They stimulate uterine and bronchial smooth muscle and are often used as oxytocics.	PGF
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001095	Arachidonic Acids		Eicosatetraenoic Acids,Acids, Arachidonic,Acids, Eicosatetraenoic
D013929	Thromboxane B2	A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).	B2, Thromboxane
D013931	Thromboxanes	Physiologically active compounds found in many organs of the body. They are formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides and cause platelet aggregation, contraction of arteries, and other biological effects. Thromboxanes are important mediators of the actions of polyunsaturated fatty acids transformed by cyclooxygenase.	Thromboxane
D015121	6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha	The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.	6-Keto-PGF1 alpha,6-Oxo-PGF1 alpha,6-Oxoprostaglandin F1 alpha,6 Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha,6 Keto PGF1 alpha,6 Oxo PGF1 alpha,6 Oxoprostaglandin F1 alpha,F1 alpha, 6-Ketoprostaglandin,F1 alpha, 6-Oxoprostaglandin,alpha, 6-Keto-PGF1,alpha, 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1,alpha, 6-Oxo-PGF1,alpha, 6-Oxoprostaglandin F1