Biomaterial Database

Effects of timolol maleate on tear flow in human eyes. 1980

L Bonomi, and G Zavarise, and E Noya, and S Michieletto

Lacrimal function was studied in 30 patients treated for glaucoma, with 0.25% timolol eye drops. Rose bengal and fluorescein staining disclosed punctate epithelial defects in 11 eyes after one week. During the following weeks there defects disappeared spontaneously in most eyes. Schirmer tests (I and II), tear lysozyme and pre-corneal film break-up time were significantly decreased by the treatment, while tear immunoglobulins were unimpaired. The authors conclude that topical timolol treatment decreases tear production. This effect is quantitatively limited and does not appear dangerous for normal eyes, although it may become so for eyes with an originally low lacrimal secretion.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D011412	Propanolamines	AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the propanolamine (NH2CH2CHOHCH2) group and its derivatives.	Aminopropanols
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D005260	Female		Females
D005901	Glaucoma	An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)	Glaucomas
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000287	Administration, Topical	The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example.	Drug Administration, Topical,Administration, Topical Drug,Topical Administration,Topical Drug Administration,Administrations, Topical,Administrations, Topical Drug,Drug Administrations, Topical,Topical Administrations,Topical Drug Administrations
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D013666	Tears	The fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the CONJUNCTIVA and CORNEA.	Meibomian Lipids,Meibum,Lipid, Meibomian,Meibomian Lipid,Tear