In the following up of the diagnosis of the female sterility we practised 123 hysterosalpingographies (HSG) from 1972--1978. Presupposition was the proof of the ovulation by base temperature. The HSG is the beginning of the diagnosis to recognize the intracanalicular changes of the uterus and to avoid senseless treatment with hormones. 34.9% of the patients showed absolutely normal uteri or tubes. Pathological results were be found in 17.7% by the uterus and 47.4% by the tubes. Without any treatment we have had a success of pregnancy after HSG in 26.8%. Further pregnancies we got by operative intervention or medicamentous treatment in only 4,8%. 23 patients = 18,7% could not be evaluated because they were missing. The HSG is an important and supplementary method for a diagnosis of the female sterility and it does not compete with the method of the useful pelviscopy.