A statistical analysis was conducted in 22 recent cases of fracture and 4 cases of post-fracture ankylosis treated in the "Hôpital Bretonneau" over the last 5 years. The results demonstrated the frequency of often unrecognized associated condylar lesions (19 of 22 cases of recent fracture). They also emphasized the need to avoid conventional bimaxillary blocking, which when required should be conducted with the "open mouth", in cases of high or severe lesions of the mandibular condyles. Reconstruction of the condylar head involves re-insertion of the meniscular cap associated with regain of function, rather than conservation at any price of the condylar head, even recovered with its "fertile" cartilage.