Corneal toxicity with systemic cytarabine. 1981

G Hopen, and B J Mondino, and B L Johnson, and P A Chervenick

Three patients with leukemia developed corneal toxicity while receiving high doses (3 g/m2) of systemic cytarabine. Symptoms began five to seven days after initiation of treatment with high doses of systemic cytarabine and consisted of ocular pain, tearing, foreign-body sensation, photophobia, and blurred vision. All three patients developed bilateral conjunctival hyperemia and fine corneal epithelial opacities and refractile microcysts that were more numerous in the central than in the peripheral cornea. The symptoms disappeared without treatment in approximately one week. The corneal changes we observed with high doses of systemic cytarabine resembled descriptions of corneal toxicity from topical cytarabine and were probably secondary to inhibition of DNA synthesis in the corneal epithelium.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007951 Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. Granulocytic Leukemia,Leukemia, Granulocytic,Leukemia, Myelocytic,Leukemia, Myelogenous,Myelocytic Leukemia,Myelogenous Leukemia,Myeloid Leukemia,Leukemia, Monocytic, Chronic,Monocytic Leukemia, Chronic,Chronic Monocytic Leukemia,Chronic Monocytic Leukemias,Granulocytic Leukemias,Leukemia, Chronic Monocytic,Leukemias, Chronic Monocytic,Leukemias, Granulocytic,Leukemias, Myelocytic,Leukemias, Myelogenous,Leukemias, Myeloid,Monocytic Leukemias, Chronic,Myelocytic Leukemias,Myelogenous Leukemias,Myeloid Leukemias
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D003316 Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea. Corneal Disease,Disease, Corneal,Diseases, Corneal
D003318 Corneal Opacity Disorder occurring in the central or peripheral area of the cornea. The usual degree of transparency becomes relatively opaque. Leukoma,Corneal Opacities,Leukomas,Opacities, Corneal,Opacity, Corneal
D003561 Cytarabine A pyrimidine nucleoside analog that is used mainly in the treatment of leukemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia. Cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Its actions are specific for the S phase of the cell cycle. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p472) Ara-C,Arabinofuranosylcytosine,Arabinosylcytosine,Cytosine Arabinoside,Aracytidine,Aracytine,Cytarabine Hydrochloride,Cytonal,Cytosar,Cytosar-U,beta-Ara C,Ara C,Arabinoside, Cytosine,Cytosar U,beta Ara C
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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