Twenty unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were investigated with respect to symptoms and signs of salivary gland involvement. Eight of them complained of xerostomia. Whole salivary flow was measured, parotid saliva was analyzed chemically, and palatal biopsy was performed to assess the degree of inflammatory infiltration in minor salivary glands. All but one of the patients showed signs of involvement on at least one of the tests and, as a group, the patients with SLE had significantly reduced values for salivary flow and increased concentrations of sodium, protein, and carbohydrates as compared to matched healthy controls.