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Human urinary kallikrein was inhibited by human alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-protease inhibitor) in a similar way as by equivalent amounts of human serum. The inhibitor present in the kallikrein-inhibitor complex formed was identified as alpha 1-antitrypsin by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. Under the experimental conditions applied, 90 mIU (= 185 microgram) alpha 1-antitrypsin inhibits about 9 microgram of human urinary kallikrein in 24 h at 37 degrees C, 1 ml of human serum, containing 2-4 mg alpha 1-antitrypsin, inhibits about 70 microgram kallikrein. At an incubation temperature of 25 degrees C, the rate of inactivation is significantly lower than at 37 degrees C. No inhibition was observed at 0 degrees C or when alpha 1-antitrypsin was presaturated with trypsin.
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