Biomaterial Database

The energy liberation of frog skeletal muscle in tetanic contractions containing two periods of shortening. 1981

M Irving, and R C Woledge

1. Heat and work production have been measured in pairs of frog sartorius muscles undergoing two periods of rapid isovelocity shortening at 0 degrees C. The first (conditioning) shortening occurred in the sarcomere length range 2.70--2.25 micrometer (as measured in resting muscles) and the second (test) shortening in the range 2.25--2.10 micrometer. The shortening heat associated with the test shortening was obtained as the difference in heat production between pairs of tetani which were identical except for the presence of the test shortening. 2. The shortening heat associated with the test shortening was reduced when it was preceded by the conditioning shortening; with no interval between shortenings its value was 52 +/- 3% (mean +/- S.E. of mean, n = 6) of that without the conditioning shortening. As the interval between shortenings was increased the shortening heat became larger; its recovery was more than half complete with an interval of 0.3 sec. 3. The work produced in the test shortening was also reduced in tetani which contained the conditioning shortening; its dependence on the interval between shortenings was similar to that of the shortening heat.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009119	Muscle Contraction	A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	Inotropism,Muscular Contraction,Contraction, Muscle,Contraction, Muscular,Contractions, Muscle,Contractions, Muscular,Inotropisms,Muscle Contractions,Muscular Contractions
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D011896	Rana temporaria	A species of the family Ranidae occurring in a wide variety of habitats from within the Arctic Circle to South Africa, Australia, etc.	European Common Frog,Frog, Common European,Common European Frog,Common Frog, European,European Frog, Common,Frog, European Common
D001833	Body Temperature Regulation	The processes of heating and cooling that an organism uses to control its temperature.	Heat Loss,Thermoregulation,Regulation, Body Temperature,Temperature Regulation, Body,Body Temperature Regulations,Heat Losses,Loss, Heat,Losses, Heat,Regulations, Body Temperature,Temperature Regulations, Body,Thermoregulations
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D066298	In Vitro Techniques	Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism.	In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In