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Chloral hydrate has been found in our drinking water supplies at levels up to 5 micrograms/1. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional status of the immune system in random-bred CD-1 mice exposed to chloral hydrate for 14 and 90 days. Male mice, following 14 or 90 days of exposure to 1/10 and 1/100 the actual oral LD50, exhibited no alterations in either humoral or cell-mediated immunity. However, female mice exposed for 90 days to chloral hydrate in the drinking water demonstrated a significant depression in humoral immune function. This depression was observed when spleen cells from exposed mice were evaluated for their ability to produce antibody against sheep erythrocytes. These females did not demonstrate any changes in cell-mediated immune status.
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K A Douglas, and
L E Sain, and
J F Borzelleca, and
A E Munson
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B M Kauffmann, and
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J F Borzelleca, and
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January 1985,
Drug and chemical toxicology,
B M Kauffmann, and
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J F Borzelleca, and
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May 2000,
Drug and chemical toxicology,
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June 1990,
Annals of emergency medicine,
B M Kauffmann, and
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L E Sain, and
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March 1982,
Toxicology and applied pharmacology,
B M Kauffmann, and
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June 2014,
Indian journal of pediatrics,
B M Kauffmann, and
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January 1995,
IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans,
B M Kauffmann, and
K L White, and
V M Sanders, and
K A Douglas, and
L E Sain, and
J F Borzelleca, and
A E Munson
October 1989,
Immunology and cell biology,
B M Kauffmann, and
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L E Sain, and
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January 1976,
Molecular and cellular biochemistry,
B M Kauffmann, and
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May 2009,
Current eye research,
