Biomaterial Database

Polyclonal activation of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes by formaldehyde-fixed Salmonella paratyphi B. II. Heterogeneity of B lymphocytes. 1982

W Y Chen, and H H Fudenberg, and E W Ades

B-cell 'activation' in cultures stimulated with pokeweed mitogen (PWM), Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I, or formaldehyde-fixed Salmonella paratyphi B (SPB) was evaluated by enumeration of cells secreting immunoglobulin (Ig) and by quantitation of Ig released into culture supernatants. A dissociation between these two values was found after day 6 in cultures activated with PWM or SPB, suggesting that Ig-secreting cells (ISC) are heterogeneous in terms of Ig secretion rate. Generation of ISC in cultures activated with PWM or SPB was partially inhibited by hydroxyurea, but Ig levels in culture supernatants were not affected. These results indicate that there are at least two subpopulations of ISC in stimulated peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, one sensitive to, and the other resistant to, hydroxyurea. The hydroxyurea-resistant subpopulation appeared to be more mature and to release most all of the Ig detected in culture supernatants. Furthermore, time-course studies of ISC numbers and Ig levels showed that each ISC in SPB-stimulated cultures (but not in PWM-stimulated cultures) was more active in Ig synthesis and secretion after day 8 than before day 6, indicating that after day 8 most of the ISC in cultures activated with SPB were hydroxyurea-resistant. These studies suggest that SPB is another useful polyclonal B-cell 'activator' for studies of human B-cell differentiation and function, and that SPB defines two distinct subsets of B cells.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007136	Immunoglobulins	Multi-subunit proteins which function in IMMUNITY. They are produced by B LYMPHOCYTES from the IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENES. They are comprised of two heavy (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) and two light chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) with additional ancillary polypeptide chains depending on their isoforms. The variety of isoforms include monomeric or polymeric forms, and transmembrane forms (B-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTORS) or secreted forms (ANTIBODIES). They are divided by the amino acid sequence of their heavy chains into five classes (IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN D; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M) and various subclasses.	Globulins, Immune,Immune Globulin,Immune Globulins,Immunoglobulin,Globulin, Immune
D008213	Lymphocyte Activation	Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.	Blast Transformation,Blastogenesis,Lymphoblast Transformation,Lymphocyte Stimulation,Lymphocyte Transformation,Transformation, Blast,Transformation, Lymphoblast,Transformation, Lymphocyte,Activation, Lymphocyte,Stimulation, Lymphocyte
D011043	Pokeweed Mitogens	Proteins isolated from the roots of the pokeweed, Phytolacca americana, that agglutinate some erythrocytes, stimulate mitosis and antibody synthesis in lymphocytes, and induce activation of plasma cells.	Lectins, Pokeweed,Pokeweed Lectin,Pokeweed Lectins,Pokeweed Mitogen,Pokeweed Mitogen Isolectin,Isolectin, Pokeweed Mitogen,Lectin, Pokeweed,Mitogen Isolectin, Pokeweed,Mitogen, Pokeweed,Mitogens, Pokeweed
D005557	Formaldehyde	A highly reactive aldehyde gas formed by oxidation or incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. In solution, it has a wide range of uses: in the manufacture of resins and textiles, as a disinfectant, and as a laboratory fixative or preservative. Formaldehyde solution (formalin) is considered a hazardous compound, and its vapor toxic. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p717)	Formalin,Formol,Methanal,Oxomethane
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006918	Hydroxyurea	An antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase.	Hydroxycarbamid,Hydrea,Oncocarbide
D001402	B-Lymphocytes	Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.	B-Cells, Lymphocyte,B-Lymphocyte,Bursa-Dependent Lymphocytes,B Cells, Lymphocyte,B Lymphocyte,B Lymphocytes,B-Cell, Lymphocyte,Bursa Dependent Lymphocytes,Bursa-Dependent Lymphocyte,Lymphocyte B-Cell,Lymphocyte B-Cells,Lymphocyte, Bursa-Dependent,Lymphocytes, Bursa-Dependent
D012475	Salmonella	A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that utilizes citrate as a sole carbon source. It is pathogenic for humans, causing enteric fevers, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia. Food poisoning is the most common clinical manifestation. Organisms within this genus are separated on the basis of antigenic characteristics, sugar fermentation patterns, and bacteriophage susceptibility.
D012484	Salmonella paratyphi B	A serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA which is an agent of PARATYPHOID FEVER in humans.	Salmonella schottmuelleri,Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor