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Continuous positive-pressure ventilation decreases right and left ventricular end-diastolic volumes in the dog. 1980

J E Fewell, and D R Abendschein, and C J Carlson, and J F Murray, and E Rapaport

We investigated the mechanism(s) responsible for the decreased cardiac output during continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV). Seven dogs were anesthetized with chloralose-urethane, intubated, and ventilated using a volume ventilator. We measured heart rate, stroke volume, and the determinants of stroke volume: left and right ventricular end-diastolic volumes, isovolumic and ejection phase indices of myocardial contractility, and pulmonary and systemic arterial pressures. Myocardial blood flow was estimated using radioactive microspheres. Variables were measured during a control period of intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV), 8-20 minutes after the initiation of CPPV using 12 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and 8-20 minutes after the removal of PEEP. CPPV decreased cardiac output but did not affect total or regional myocardial blood flow or the ratio of subendocardial to subepicardial blood flow. Isovolumic and ejection phase indices of myocardial cointractility, heart rate, and systemic arterial pressure did not change during CPPV. Right and left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes decreased markedly during CPPV. We conclude that CPPV decreases cardiac output in accordance with Starling's law by decreasing preload.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009200 Myocardial Contraction Contractile activity of the MYOCARDIUM. Heart Contractility,Inotropism, Cardiac,Cardiac Inotropism,Cardiac Inotropisms,Contractilities, Heart,Contractility, Heart,Contraction, Myocardial,Contractions, Myocardial,Heart Contractilities,Inotropisms, Cardiac,Myocardial Contractions
D011175 Positive-Pressure Respiration A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange. Positive End-Expiratory Pressure,Positive-Pressure Ventilation,End-Expiratory Pressure, Positive,End-Expiratory Pressures, Positive,Positive End Expiratory Pressure,Positive End-Expiratory Pressures,Positive Pressure Respiration,Positive Pressure Ventilation,Positive-Pressure Respirations,Positive-Pressure Ventilations,Pressure, Positive End-Expiratory,Pressures, Positive End-Expiratory,Respiration, Positive-Pressure,Respirations, Positive-Pressure,Ventilation, Positive-Pressure,Ventilations, Positive-Pressure
D011652 Pulmonary Circulation The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS. Pulmonary Blood Flow,Respiratory Circulation,Circulation, Pulmonary,Circulation, Respiratory,Blood Flow, Pulmonary,Flow, Pulmonary Blood,Pulmonary Blood Flows
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002302 Cardiac Output The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat). Cardiac Outputs,Output, Cardiac,Outputs, Cardiac
D003326 Coronary Circulation The circulation of blood through the CORONARY VESSELS of the HEART. Circulation, Coronary
D003971 Diastole Post-systolic relaxation of the HEART, especially the HEART VENTRICLES. Diastoles
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D006439 Hemodynamics The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. Hemodynamic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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