Biomaterial Database

Prophylactic metronidazole in electrive colo-rectal surgery. 1980

T B Hagen, and T Bergan, and I Liavåg

38 patients participated in a double blind study comparing the effect of a single dose of 2.0 g metronidazole given 15 hours prior to surgery with a placebo in reducing postoperative infections after elective colonic surgery. In 17 patients given metronidazole, only 2 had infections caused by aerobes, no anaerobe was recovered. Among 8 infected patients among a total of 21 in the placebo group, there were 5 anaerobic isolates (Bacteroides 3, peptococci 1, clostridia 1) and 8 aerobic bacteria. There was a significant difference between both total number of infections in the groups receiving metronidazole and placebo (p = 0.015). In addition, the clinical course of the 2 infections in the metronidazole group was moderate compared to that in the placebo group. Suppression of anaerobes appears to have enabled the body to better eliminate aerobes as well, since fewer aerobes were found in the metronidazole group. It is concluded that metronidazole given as short term prophylaxis produces suffiecent antibacterial levels in tissues and body fluids during and shortly after operation to significantly reduce the frequency of postoperative infections.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008795	Metronidazole	A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.	2-Methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol,Bayer 5360,Clont,Danizol,Flagyl,Gineflavir,Metric,MetroGel,Metrodzhil,Metrogyl,Metronidazole Hydrochloride,Metronidazole Monohydrochloride,Metronidazole Phosphate,Metronidazole Phosphoester,Satric,Trichazol,Trichopol,Trivazol,Vagilen,2 Methyl 5 nitroimidazole 1 ethanol
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D010919	Placebos	Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having no specific pharmacological activity against a targeted condition, the concept has been extended to include treatments or procedures, especially those administered to control groups in clinical trials in order to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol.	Sham Treatment
D011300	Preoperative Care	Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)	Care, Preoperative,Preoperative Procedure,Preoperative Procedures,Procedure, Preoperative,Procedures, Preoperative
D011511	Proteus	A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that occurs in the intestines of humans and a wide variety of animals, as well as in manure, soil, and polluted waters. Its species are pathogenic, causing urinary tract infections and are also considered secondary invaders, causing septic lesions at other sites of the body.
D011897	Random Allocation	A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.	Randomization,Allocation, Random
D012002	Rectal Diseases	Pathological developments in the RECTUM region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE).	Anorectal Diseases,Anorectal Disorders,Rectal Disorders,Anorectal Disease,Anorectal Disorder,Rectal Disease,Rectal Disorder
D012007	Rectum	The distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, between the SIGMOID COLON and the ANAL CANAL.	Rectums
D002986	Clinical Trials as Topic	Works about pre-planned studies of the safety, efficacy, or optimum dosage schedule (if appropriate) of one or more diagnostic, therapeutic, or prophylactic drugs, devices, or techniques selected according to predetermined criteria of eligibility and observed for predefined evidence of favorable and unfavorable effects. This concept includes clinical trials conducted both in the U.S. and in other countries.	Clinical Trial as Topic

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