Computer-assisted customized antimicrobial dosages. 1980

S W Bennett, and A C Scott

The use of a computer-based consultation program to customize dosage regimens of antimicrobials for patients with meningitis or bacteremia is described. Using clinical and laboratory information entered by the user, the program determines causative organisms, recommends therapeutic regimens, and generates a graph depicting the expected blood level of each drug as a function of time. During therapy selection, the program considers the site of infection, the susceptibility of the organism to antibiotics, and the patient's clinical status and drug history. Individualized pharmacokinetic values allow for dosage adjustments in renal failure and estimation of blood levels. If renal impairment is present, dosage regimens for drugs excreted by the kidneys are adjusted to assure the desired steady-state blood levels. To help in selection of the optimal regimen, estimated blood levels for each regimen are graphed along with the minimum inhibitory concentration for the organism and the toxic level of the drug. A bulit-in knowledge base in conjunction with patient-specific information enables the computer program to determine appropriate treatment specific to a patient's age, renal function, and prior drug reactions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007223 Infant A child between 1 and 23 months of age. Infants
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007674 Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. Disease, Kidney,Diseases, Kidney,Kidney Disease
D008581 Meningitis Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6) Pachymeningitis,Meningitides,Pachymeningitides
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D003201 Computers Programmable electronic devices designed to accept data, perform prescribed mathematical and logical operations at high speed, and display the results of these operations. Calculators, Programmable,Computer Hardware,Computers, Digital,Hardware, Computer,Calculator, Programmable,Computer,Computer, Digital,Digital Computer,Digital Computers,Programmable Calculator,Programmable Calculators
D003401 Creatine An amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. In muscle tissue, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. Creatine is excreted as CREATININE in the urine.
D003936 Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Application of computer programs designed to assist the physician in solving a diagnostic problem. Computer-Assisted Diagnosis,Computer Assisted Diagnosis,Computer-Assisted Diagnoses,Diagnoses, Computer-Assisted,Diagnosis, Computer Assisted
D004334 Drug Administration Schedule Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience. Administration Schedule, Drug,Administration Schedules, Drug,Drug Administration Schedules,Schedule, Drug Administration,Schedules, Drug Administration

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