Biomaterial Database

Pyrethrum flowers and pyrethroid insecticides. 1980

J E Casida

The natural pyrethrins from the daisy-like flower, Tanacetum or Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, are nonpersistent insecticides of low toxicity to mammals. Synthetic analogs or pyrethroids, evolved from the natural compounds by successive isosteric modifications, are more potent and stable and are the newest important class of crop protection chemicals. They retain many of the favorable properties of the pyrethrins.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007305	Insecticide Resistance	The development by insects of resistance to insecticides.	Insecticide Resistances,Resistance, Insecticide,Resistances, Insecticide
D008658	Inactivation, Metabolic	Reduction of pharmacologic activity or toxicity of a drug or other foreign substance by a living system, usually by enzymatic action. It includes those metabolic transformations that make the substance more soluble for faster renal excretion.	Detoxication, Drug, Metabolic,Drug Detoxication, Metabolic,Metabolic Detoxication, Drug,Detoxification, Drug, Metabolic,Metabolic Detoxification, Drug,Metabolic Drug Inactivation,Detoxication, Drug Metabolic,Detoxication, Metabolic Drug,Detoxification, Drug Metabolic,Drug Inactivation, Metabolic,Drug Metabolic Detoxication,Drug Metabolic Detoxification,Inactivation, Metabolic Drug,Metabolic Drug Detoxication,Metabolic Inactivation
D008958	Models, Molecular	Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.	Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D010936	Plant Extracts	Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.	Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D011722	Pyrethrins	The active insecticidal constituent of CHRYSANTHEMUM CINERARIIFOLIUM flowers. Pyrethrin I is the pyretholone ester of chrysanthemummonocarboxylic acid and pyrethrin II is the pyretholone ester of chrysanthemumdicarboxylic acid monomethyl ester.	Pyrethrin,Pyrethroid,Pyrethroids
D011723	Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium	A plant species of the genus CHRYSANTHEMUM, family ASTERACEAE. The flowers contain PYRETHRINS, cinerolones, and chrysanthemines which are powerful contact insecticides. Most in the old Pyrethrum genus are reclassified to TANACETUM; some to other ASTERACEAE genera.	Pyrethrum,Pyrethum Daisy,Chrysanthemum coccineum,Tanacetum cinerariifolium,Tanacetum coccineum,Chrysanthemum cinerariifoliums,Chrysanthemum coccineums,Daisies, Pyrethum,Daisy, Pyrethum,Pyrethrums,Pyrethum Daisies,Tanacetum cinerariifoliums,Tanacetum coccineums,cinerariifolium, Chrysanthemum,cinerariifoliums, Tanacetum,coccineums, Chrysanthemum,coccineums, Tanacetum
D002621	Chemistry	A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
D000383	Agriculture	The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.	Agronomy,Agricultural Development,Farming,Agronomies,Development, Agricultural
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001673	Biodegradation, Environmental	Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.	Bioremediation,Phytoremediation,Natural Attenuation, Pollution,Environmental Biodegradation,Pollution Natural Attenuation