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Thirteen patients were instructed in a technique of self-management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, using multiple home-monitored blood glucose determinations and multiple injections of regular insulin in conjunction with once-daily Ultra Lente insulin. Hemoglobin A1c and quantitative fluorescein fluorophotometry were used to assess blood glucose control and retinal permeability, respectively. In those patients achieving normal blood glucose control, retinal vascular leakage was statistically identical to that of a nondiabetic control population. In those patients less well controlled, retinal permeability did not differ statistically from values observed in a population of insulin-dependent diabetic patients under "standard" control. It is concluded that with "tight" control of blood sugar and normalized A1c hemoglobin, retinal permeability similarly is normalized.
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
January 1979,
Diabetes care,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
November 1997,
Zhongguo Zhong xi yi jie he za zhi Zhongguo Zhongxiyi jiehe zazhi = Chinese journal of integrated traditional and Western medicine,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
January 1996,
Annals of internal medicine,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
August 1980,
Ugeskrift for laeger,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
July 1993,
The American journal of psychiatry,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
January 1997,
Molecular aspects of medicine,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
October 1981,
Diabetes,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
April 1983,
Acta endocrinologica,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
September 1983,
Pediatric annals,
S J Bleicher, and
T Y Lee, and
R Bernstein, and
L Schachter, and
R Temes, and
T Krupin, and
J Santiago, and
B Becker, and
S R Waltman
January 1993,
Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology,
