Kidney transplantation in France is not as common as both patients and health authorities would wish. While at least 1 000 transplantations would be required each year, only 550 were done in 1978. The authors report on the experience of a team which for the first time was able to perform 75 transplantations in one year, and bring to the pull of transplantation 74 cadaver kidneys. The 75 patients will be followed up by the same group which operated upon them not only during the post-operative period, but also for many years to come. As far as possible, the team endeavours to transplant kidneys from local donors or sent directly to the surgeons. Such a "regionalisation" of kidney transplantations suffers from the drawback of lesser compatibility, but makes it possible to obtain the expected results.